Zi:武
武 [wǔ] military/martial; 武器 weapon; 武装 arms; 武术 martial arts; 武士 guard/warrior; force/might/power; (HDZ:) 军事、技击、强力等事 (ant. 文) …
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
►³wǔ 武 {E} b.f. ①military ►wǔqì 武器 ②martial; valiant ►²yīngwǔ 英武 ◆n. ①〈environment:〉 wr. footstep ②Surname
The character 武 (8 strokes) derives from old forms in which two components are simply stacked (𭟰⿱戈止; cf. 𧇭/𧇒); formerly also wr. 𢎁, with 亡(亾) wú (phonetic), or with 步/𣥕 instead of 止 (YTZ).
Note: In 武 the first two and last two strokes () are those of 戈 (4 strokes); the 3rd stroke (丿) of 戈 is forced out of the way, making clear that the lower part is 止, not 正 (might does not make right), nor 乏, nor 疋.
The Shuōwén Seal form of 武() wǔ ‘military/martial arms/arts/force’ combines 止() zhǐ ‘foot/stop’ (stand), and 戈() gē ‘halberd, lance-axe (weapon)’: the foot (soldier) marks the cessation of hostilities, the marching/stationed soldier/sentry stands alert/ready/firm (standing army), quashing rebellion, keeping the peace, maintaining civil continuity, the only real military victory (止戈为武, 兴文偃武).
Note: In 武(), the component 止() zhǐ ‘foot/stop’ seems to be short for 步(𣥗) bù ‘step/pace’ (phonosemantic), as in 陟() zhì ‘ascend’, cf. 癶(𣥠) bō (登癹𤼩); in 武() the component 止() suggests old usage of 武 as syn. 迹(𨒏) jì ‘track/trail/legacy/aftermath’ (of ancestral/military achievements/destruction), and also standing/marching/following in close ranks; cf. 步武, 步武先贤 ‘follow in the footsteps of’; cf. also 武术 wǔshù ‘martial arts’ (功夫: …飞脚踢刀), 舞术 wǔshù ‘dance arts’; 武() and 舞(𦨅) are homophones today as in MC (SBGY), and OC (GSR), but distinguished by Baxter(1992).
Compare: 𣏔(困) kùn ‘oppress/besiege’ (围困); 岁/歲() suì ‘(planet) Jupiter; year/age’; 灭/滅(烕) miè ‘extinguish’.
Compare: 文 wén ‘civil’, vs. 武 wǔ ‘military’ (文武 ‘civil and military’, 轻文重武 ‘put the sword above the pen’; cf. 斌).
“[武] The army, soldiers. The 戈 lances that 止 stop the hostile incursions, thus allowing the people to prosper, says the Glose; 从止, 从戈, 会意 。Note that, in the modern character, by a singular exception, the 丿 of 戈 was placed on the top of the compound” —Wieger.
“[武] The seal has 止 and 戈 (the 丿 of the latter misplaced in the modern character): a 止 footman with 戈 a spear” —Karlgren(AD).
HDZ: 武 : wǔ : 军事、技击、强力等事 (ant. 文) (武装, 武术, 整军经武); 勇猛, 刚健, 威武; 士; 兵器; 金属打击乐器; (乐名); 足迹; 继承, 继续; (古) 半步 (步: 六尺) (cf. 步武); 舞: 舞蹈; 冠卷: (古) 冠上的结带; (古州名); (姓)
HDC: 止戈 : 停止干戈, 平息战事
HDC: 止戈爲武 : “武” 字从 “止” 从 “戈”, 能平息战乱, 停止使用武器, 才是真正的武功
HDC: 步武 : 很短的距离; 脚步; 跟着前人的脚步走; (喻) 模仿、效法
HDC: 武步 : 半步; 虎步 (形容举动威武; 雄于一方), 形容举步威武; 追随
HDC: 武術 : 军事技术; … (长拳、太极拳、南拳、剑术、刀术、枪术、棍术等)
HDC: 武器 : 直接用于杀伤敌人有生力量、破坏敌方设施的器械、装置, (古) 有弓、箭、刀、矛、剑、戟等, (今) 枪炮、化学武器和火箭、导弹、核武器等; 进行非武装斗争的工具和手段
►references: Guǎngyùn:261.12; Wieger:71k; Karlgren:AD1283,GSR104a; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:2.1439.5; Lindqvist:257; Mathews:7195; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:575.09; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:066.1.06; Wáng(1993):162; EDOC:1
►components: 戈止弋
►Cantonese: mouh/
Shuōwén: (武)
<cdl char='武' uni='6B66'>
<stroke type='h' points='18,14 56,14' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,40 128,40' />
<comp char='止' uni='6B62' variant='2' points='0,50 75,122' />
<stroke type='xg' points='84,0 128,128 128,98' />
<stroke type='d' points='100,0 118,19' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='止' uni='6B62' variant='2' points='32,0 96,128' radical='K0'>
<comp char='卜' uni='535C' variant='2' points='74,0 128,106' />
<stroke type='s' points='28,40 28,118' tail='cut' />
<stroke type='t' points='0,128 128,94' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF90](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='卜' uni='535C' variant='2' points='32,0 96,128' radical='K0'>
<stroke type='s' points='0,0 0,128' tail='cut' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,60 128,60' head='cut' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EFA5](V=0) -->
</cdl>
►stroke 武 (... strokes)
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Unicode: U+6B66
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