Zi:而
而 [ér] (而且 érqiě) and, furthermore; (然而 rán'ér) yet; (radical 126, 而部) [néng] 能; cf. 耐
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
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The Shuōwén Seal form of 而 ér ‘mustache and beard’ is said to depict the bottom of the nose (horizontal line at top), the mustache (under the nose, on the upper lip), and the beard (the chin is not drawn); 而 was a general term for the hair growing above and below a man's mouth.
Compare: 须/須/鬚 xū ‘beard’ (under the chin), 髭(頿頾) zī ‘mustache’ (on upper lip).
Note: Today 髭须 zīxū ‘mustache and beard’; 胡须 húxū ‘beard/mustache/whiskers’ (而/耏: 颊须); 胡子 húzi ‘beard’, 小胡子 xiǎohúzi ‘mustache’.
Compare: 需 xū ‘wait for (rain to stop)’ (䷄), in which old graphs have 天/大 (not 而).
“而 was a picture of a beard, whiskers; character obsolete in this sense and applied to ... homophonous words” —Karlgren(AD).
Compare: 耑 duān ‘sprouting/rooting plant’ (the root system is wr. like 而 in the modern form, and similar to it in the Seal).
而 is the 126th of the 214 radicals.
HDZ: 而 : ér : 颊毛, 凡鳞毛之下垂者都成 “而”, 髯鬚 (髯須, 髥鬚: 胡子); 如, 象似; 即, 就是 (非…而); (代词) (你; 你的; 此); (副词) (才; 只; 犹, 还); (连词) (和, 与; 承接 …; 假设, 如果; 因果, 因而, 所以; 转折, 却, 然而; 且, 尚且; …); (助词) (之, 的; 以); (语气词) (岂, 难道; 耳, 哪) • néng : 能 (能够, 安; 才能); cf. 耐
►references: Guǎngyùn:060.38; Wieger:164a; Karlgren:AD10,GSR982a; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:4.2810.1; Mathews:1756; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:961.18; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:025.0.09; Wáng(1993):16; EDOC:1
►components: 丆𦉫
►Cantonese: yih\
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<!-- variant based on [U+E5E2](V=0) -->
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<cdl char='𦉫' uni='2626B' points='4,8 124,128' radical='Q'>
<comp char='冂' uni='5182' points='0,0 128,128' />
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<cdl char='冂' uni='5182' points='4,4 124,128'>
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<stroke type='hzg' points='0,0 128,0 128,128 100,112' head='cut' />
</cdl>
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Unicode: U+800C
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