Zi:起: Difference between revisions

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起 [qǐ] rise, start; 起来 get up, arise; 起床 get out of bed; off/up/out; 对不起 excuse me; (HDZ:) … [qi] (口语) 绑起来 bǎngqilai

One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):

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The Shuōwén Seal form of 起 qǐ ‘able to stand/get up’ combines 走 (zǒu) ‘run/rush (headlong)’, and 巳 sì ‘fetus’ (phonosemantic); to start to get up, to move from lying down (sleeping on the side, in fetal position; cf. 夗) into a sitting position, or to stand up, moving from sitting to standing position; formerly wr. 𨑖(𨑔𢀽𨑓).
    Note: In the Seal form 起 the component is 巳 sì, not 己 jǐ; today both forms are sometimes seen, but 己 is standard (GFC), and was rather close phonologically in MC (see below).
    Note: The SW gloss includes 能立 ‘able/about to stand up’ with 能, in which 厶(㠯已) yǐ, i.e. 巳 sì inverted; cf. 巳, 以, 似, 始.
    Compare: 巳 sì ← MC /zjiʔ/; 已(㠯) yǐ ← MC /Øjiʔ/; 起 qǐ ← MC /khjiʔ/; 己(𢀒) jǐ ← MC /kjiʔ/ (SBGY).
    Compare: 圯 yí ‘bridge’; 䇃(竢俟) sì ‘wait’.
    Compare: 生气 shēngqì, 对不起 duìbuqǐ.
    HDZ: 起 : qǐ : 由躺而坐, 由坐而立; (物体) 竖立, 耸立; 起床; 飞; 升起; 凸起; 引动, 兴起; 出发, 动身; 治愈; (使死者) 复活; 举用, 征聘; 应聘, 出仕; 出身; 扶持; 开始; 诗文结构或章法的开头; 兴建; 建立, 设置; 草拟; 跑, 疾趋; 翻动, 疏松; 取用 (证件、书信等); 搬运; 开征 (赋役); 用刀将肉横切成薄片; 蚕儿打眠后脱壳起食
 ►references: Guǎngyùn:253.12; Wieger:84a; Karlgren:AD319,GSR953r; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:5.3476.2; Mathews:548; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:1215.15; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:142.0.06; EDOC:1
►components: 走己巳
 ►Cantonese: hei/
►stroke 起 (... strokes)
►list characters containing 起 as a component
►list words containing 起 (most common words first)
Unicode: U+8D77
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-<WL>起 [qǐ] rise, start; 起来 get up; 对不起 excuse me  [qi] (口语) 绑起来 bǎngqilai
+<WL>起 [qǐ] rise, start; 起来 get up, arise; 起床 get out of bed; off/up/out; 对不起 excuse me@@; (HDZ:) …  [qi] (口语) 绑起来 bǎngqilai
 #i4
-From 走 (zǒu) ‘go’ and 己 jǐ phonetic. There is variation in the appearance of 起 in modern computer fonts: sometimes the form is “” with a 巳 sì component, and sometimes it is “起” with a 己 jǐ component. And there is historical variation as well. As Duàn Yùcái explains in his Shuōwén commentary, forms with 己 jǐ are considered to be “incorrect” relative to Shuōwén traditions identifying the actual component as 巳 sì. 段玉裁: “五經文字云从辰巳之巳。是。字鑑从戊己之己。非也。” See the Shuōwén Seal entry for more information.
+The Shuōwén Seal form of 起(􀐵) qǐ ‘able to stand/get up’ combines 走 (zǒu) ‘run/rush (headlong)’, and 巳(􂥶) sì ‘fetus’ (phonosemantic); to start to get up, to move from lying down (sleeping on the side, in fetal position; cf. 夗) into a sitting position, or to stand up, moving from sitting to standing position; formerly wr. 𨑖(􀐶𨑔𢀽𨑓).
+	Note: In the Seal form 起(􀐵) the component is 巳 sì, not 己 jǐ; today both forms are sometimes seen, but 己 is standard (GFC), and was rather close phonologically in MC (see below).
+	Note: The SW gloss includes 能立 ‘able/about to stand up’ with 能(􁭂), in which 厶(􂥷㠯已) yǐ, i.e. 巳(􂥶) sì inverted; cf. 巳, 以, 似, 始.
+	Compare: 巳(􂥶) sì ← MC /zjiʔ/; 已(􂥷㠯) yǐ ← MC /Øjiʔ/; 起(􀐵) qǐ ← MC /khjiʔ/; 己(􂤸􂤹𢀒) jǐ ← MC /kjiʔ/ (SBGY).
+	Compare: 圯(􂚻) yí ‘bridge’; 䇃(􁱫􁱪竢􁖂俟) sì ‘wait’.
+	Compare: 生气 shēngqì, 对不起 duìbuqǐ.
+	HDZ: 起 : qǐ : 由躺而坐, 由坐而立; (物体) 竖立, 耸立; 起床; 飞; 升起; 凸起; 引动, 兴起; 出发, 动身; 治愈; (使死者) 复活; 举用, 征聘; 应聘, 出仕; 出身; 扶持; 开始; 诗文结构或章法的开头; 兴建; 建立, 设置; 草拟; 跑, 疾趋; 翻动, 疏松; 取用 (证件、书信等); 搬运; 开征 (赋役); 用刀将肉横切成薄片; 蚕儿打眠后脱壳起食
 #rG.253.12 W.84a K.AD319,GSR953r D.5.3476.2 M.548 KX..1215.15 B.142.0.06 E.1
-#c走己巳
+#c走己巳
 #y hei/
 </WL>