Difference between revisions of "Zi:先"
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| − | <WL>先 [xiān] first | + | <WL>先 [xiān] first; prior; 先生 xiānsheng Mr.; 祖先 zǔxiān ancestor@@; (HDZ:) 前进; … [xiǎn] (HDC:) 先/洗馬 |
#i4 | #i4 | ||
| − | + | The Shuōwén Seal form of 先() xiān ‘advance’ (前進) combines 之(𡳿㞢) zhī ‘go out/forth’ (出, 往) over 儿() rén ‘person’ (人). | |
| − | + | Older graphs associated with 先 are said to have 止() zhǐ ‘foot’ above (止/之 are closely related), for the meaning ‘advance’ (as in old 前 graphs); following in the footsteps of those who went first/before (祖先), or taking the lead (占先); thus, 先 has the same components as 企 (see below). | |
| − | Compare 前 qián ‘before’, which | + | Compare: 洗() xiǎn ‘wash the feet’, in which 先() xiān (phonosemantic). |
| − | #rG.132.01,406.29 W.79b K.AD797,GSR478a D.1.267.2 M.2702 KX..124.05 B.028.1.10 | + | Note: In the modern form 先 the top part ⺧ is a variant of 之 (or 止), which happens to look like 牛() niú ‘ox’, in 告(𠰛) gào. |
| + | Compare: 前(歬) qián ‘before’, in which the top is 止 ‘foot’; 企() qǐ ‘stand on tip-toe; anticipate’; 𤰫(𨛝邦) bāng; 光(灮) guāng. | ||
| + | Compare: 选/選(𨕖) xuǎn ‘dispatch/dispense; select’; in the simple form 选, 先 stands for the full-form component 巽(巺㢲). | ||
| + | HDZ: 先 : xiān : (甲) 从止/之, 足… cf. 企: 举踵; 前进; 时间或次序在前的; 首要的事情; 古时的, 古代的; 称呼已去世的尊长; 祖先; (简称) 先生; 先时, 原先; (围棋) 先手; (姓); 引导, 倡导; 事情或行为发生在前; 占先, 胜; 事先联系或介绍; (古) 弟媳对嫂嫂的称呼; (副词) 本来, 已经 | ||
| + | #rG.132.01,406.29 W.79b K.AD797,GSR478a D.1.267.2 M.2702 KX..124.05 B.028.1.10 WHY...30 E.1 | ||
#c⺧儿 | #c⺧儿 | ||
| − | #y sin\</WL> | + | #y sin\ |
| + | </WL> | ||
Latest revision as of 03:50, 9 June 2019
先 [xiān] first; prior; 先生 xiānsheng Mr.; 祖先 zǔxiān ancestor; (HDZ:) 前进; … [xiǎn] (HDC:) 先/洗馬
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
►¹xiān* To view this entry, please log in
The Shuōwén Seal form of 先 xiān ‘advance’ (前進) combines 之(𡳿㞢) zhī ‘go out/forth’ (出, 往) over 儿 rén ‘person’ (人).
Older graphs associated with 先 are said to have 止 zhǐ ‘foot’ above (止/之 are closely related), for the meaning ‘advance’ (as in old 前 graphs); following in the footsteps of those who went first/before (祖先), or taking the lead (占先); thus, 先 has the same components as 企 (see below).
Compare: 洗 xiǎn ‘wash the feet’, in which 先 xiān (phonosemantic).
Note: In the modern form 先 the top part ⺧ is a variant of 之 (or 止), which happens to look like 牛 niú ‘ox’, in 告(𠰛) gào.
Compare: 前(歬) qián ‘before’, in which the top is 止 ‘foot’; 企 qǐ ‘stand on tip-toe; anticipate’; 𤰫(𨛝邦) bāng; 光(灮) guāng.
Compare: 选/選(𨕖) xuǎn ‘dispatch/dispense; select’; in the simple form 选, 先 stands for the full-form component 巽(巺㢲).
HDZ: 先 : xiān : (甲) 从止/之, 足… cf. 企: 举踵; 前进; 时间或次序在前的; 首要的事情; 古时的, 古代的; 称呼已去世的尊长; 祖先; (简称) 先生; 先时, 原先; (围棋) 先手; (姓); 引导, 倡导; 事情或行为发生在前; 占先, 胜; 事先联系或介绍; (古) 弟媳对嫂嫂的称呼; (副词) 本来, 已经
►references: Guǎngyùn:132.01,406.29; Wieger:79b; Karlgren:AD797,GSR478a; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:1.267.2; Mathews:2702; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:124.05; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:028.1.10; Wáng(1993):30; EDOC:1
►components: ⺧儿
►Cantonese: sin\
<cdl char='先' uni='5148' radical='Z2'>
<comp char='𠂒' uni='20092' points='6,0 122,64' />
<comp char='儿' uni='513F' variant='6' points='0,64 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='𠂒' uni='20092' points='0,0 128,124'>
<comp char='𠂉' uni='20089' points='6,22 108,100' />
<comp char='丄' uni='4E04' points='0,0 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='𠂉' uni='20089' points='0,16 128,64'>
<stroke type='p' points='34,0 0,128' />
<stroke type='h' points='24,64 128,64' head='cut' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='丄' uni='4E04' points='0,0 128,124' radical='D2'>
<stroke type='s' points='64,0 64,128' tail='cut' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,128 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='儿' uni='513F' variant='6' points='0,42 128,128' radical='K0'>
<stroke type='wp' points='46,0 0,128' head='cut' tail='long' />
<stroke type='swg' points='82,0 82,81 95,114 128,114 128,52' head='cut' />
<!-- variant based on [U+E7CF](V=0) -->
</cdl>
►stroke 先 (... strokes)
►list characters containing 先 as a component
►list words containing 先 (most common words first)
Unicode: U+5148
►web links for ‘先’
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The Wenlin Zidian (namespace Zi)
URL: https://wenlin.co/wow/Zi:%E5%85%88
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