Zi:車
車(S车) [chē] car; cart, carriage; chariot; wagon; wheeled vehicle; vehicle; (radical 159, 車部) [jū] a game piece in Chinese chess (象棋); (HDZ:) 车子, …
2 monosyllabic entries in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
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HDZ: 車 : chē (又读 jū) : 车子, 陆地上有轮子的交通工具; 车士, 驾车的人; 车工; 乘车; 利用轮轴旋转的工具; 用车床切削东西; (方言) 转动 (身体等); 用水车戽水; 牙床骨; (量词) 容量单位; 捕鸟的网; (读 jū) (象棋) 棋子之一 (cf. 俥); (姓)
(Explanation from the entry for the simple form 车:) The character 车/車 chē ‘cart/carriage/chariot/car’ derives from old pictographs depicting a cart/carriage/chariot; the full form 車 is the view from above, of the two wheels (horizontal strokes above and below), with 田 in the middle sketching the platform/chassis/body sitting atop the axel, and a vertical line representing the axel; in the simple form 车 the chassis is abbrev., and the axel is shortened (suggesting a spring suspension).
The Shuōwén Seal form of 車() chē ‘cart’ writes a shape like 田() in the middle, representing the bed/platform of the cart (body/chassis of the carriage); the horizontal lines above and below abbrev. the two wheels (on either side of the chassis) as seen from above; or as can be seen from old graphs reinterpreted in the Seal, the 田() shape draws only one of the two wheels; a vertical line represents the transverse cart axel; the old Seal form 𨏖() reflects stylized features of much older graphs in which the 戔() shape depicts the 𠓜 double yoke/harness (attaching oxen/horses to the shafts), and the two 車 shapes correspond to depictions of the two wheels (attached to each axel end with linchpins); the horizontal lines may represent the linchpins, or more likely the cart shafts.
Older graphs associated with 車() write the two spoked wheels with a shape like 田(), attached to the axel (vertical line), with a horizontal line for the shaft attaching the axel to the yoke; the yoke is drawn like 戔() in the old Seal form 𨏖(), and there are three shapes like 田(), two of which write the two wheels (above and below), and the third the platform/chassis in the middle; in one old graph the chassis is square (rather than circular), and clearly drawn as if sitting atop the axel.
Note: As a component in other characters, the meanings of 车/車 relate to ‘carts/cars and their parts’, and also to cart-related motions/actions (turn, drive, carry/load).
Compare: 库/庫() kù ‘military garage/arsenal’ (SW), in which 车/車() chē/jū (phonosemantic).
Compare: 轮/輪() lún ‘spoked wheel’; 辐/輻() fú ‘spokes’; 軎() wèi ‘ends of a cart/carriage axel’; 辖/轄() xiá ‘linchpin’; 辕/轅() yuán ‘cart pole/shafts’.
Compare: 载/載(𨌏) zài ‘carry/load’; 舆/輿() yú ‘sedan chair’; 军/軍(𠣞) jūn ‘army/unit (of 4,000 men)’.
Compare: 转/轉() zhuǎn ‘turn’, zhuàn ‘rotate/spin’; 辗/輾 zhǎn ‘roll over’.
Note: The 丨 vertical stroke of the independent character is written last; but when 车 occurs as a component on the left side of a character (as in 轮 lún ‘wheel’), then the rising stroke is last, and 丨 is the penultimate (next to last) stroke.
车(車) is the 159th of the 214 radicals.
►references: Karlgren:GSR74a; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:5.3511.1; Mathews:280; Guǎngyùn:067.07,164.50; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:1239.01; EDOC:1
►components: 日田丨二十
►Cantonese: che\ geui\
<cdl char='車' uni='8ECA'>
<stroke type='h' points='6,20 122,20' />
<comp char='日' uni='65E5' points='20,40 108,80' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,100 128,100' />
<stroke type='s' points='64,0 64,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='日' uni='65E5' points='24,8 104,120'>
<comp char='冂' uni='5182' variant='5' points='0,0 128,128' />
<comp char='二' uni='4E8C' variant='5' points='0,60 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='冂' uni='5182' variant='5' points='4,4 124,128'>
<stroke type='s' points='0,0 0,128' tail='long' />
<stroke type='hz' points='0,0 128,0 128,128' head='cut' tail='long' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF7E](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='二' uni='4E8C' variant='5' points='0,4 128,124' radical='K0'>
<stroke type='h' points='0,0 128,0' head='cut' tail='cut' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,128 128,128' head='cut' tail='cut' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF79](V=0) -->
</cdl>
►stroke 車 (... strokes)
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Unicode: U+8ECA
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