Zi:乘
乘 [chéng] ride a vehicle (乘客 ‘passenger’, 乘坐 ‘ride as passenger’); 乘具 vehicle; multiply (乘积 ‘product’); (HDZ:) … [shèng] chariot (大乘 ‘Mahayana’, 小乘 ‘Hinayana’) [chèng] cf. 及: 趁着
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Cantonese-English Dictionary (namespace Jyut):
2 monosyllabic entries in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
►³chéng 乘 {B} v. ①ride ‖ ∼ jǐ lù chē? ∼几路车? Which bus do we take? ②take advantage of; avail oneself of ③〈environment:〉 math. multiply; times ‖ Wǔ ∼ sān děngyú shíwǔ. 五∼三等于十五。 Five times three is fifteen.
►⁵shèng 乘 b.f. 〈environment:〉 trad. carriage drawn by four horses ►shèngmǎ 乘马 ►Dàshèng 大乘
The Shuōwén Seal form of 乘(𣔕) chéng ‘overturn/suppress (rebellion); surmount (gallows); (climb upon) drive/ride’ combines 入() rù ‘into/upon’, and 桀() jié ‘gallows’: in martial law, enforce discipline, put down rebellion by catching the traitors/leaders, and making them mount the gallows (or impaling them on stakes/posts); formerly also wr. 𠅞(), with 几() ‘bench/stand’ instead of 木().
Note: The old meaning 乘(𣔕) chéng ‘overturn/suppress (rebellion)’ explains the character structure, with ‘climb/mount the martial gallows’, later ‘climb/mount a war chariot’ (going to war as death sentence); the 入() component is as sharp as the arrowhead of 矢() shǐ ‘arrow’; in the SW gloss 覆 ‘cover over, overturn’ is said to refer to the function of the upper component 入 ‘enter onto/upon’ (cover over, from above).
Note: Modern usage 乘 chéng ‘ride’ stems from older ‘climb up, ride/drive’ usage; formerly also 乘 shèng ‘carriage/chariot’ (车乘 chēshèng ‘乘坐的车或作战的’).
“[乘] Picture of a war chariot with a fence roof and 北 two men” —Karlgren(AD).
Note: In the modern form 乘 the components seem to be 禾 and 北, but 乘 (10 strokes) was formerly wr. 𣔕 (12 strokes), with 舛 in the middle (not 北).
HDZ: 乘 : chéng : 登, 升; 驾驭; 趁, 顺应; 凭恃, 依仗; 加, 交加; 碾压, 践踏; 欺凌, 欺压; 进攻, 追逐; 战胜, 胜过; 防守, 守卫; 计算, 计划; 用; 治理; 继承, 秉承; (SW:) 覆; (算术) 乘法; (姓) (又读 shèng) • shèng : (总称) 一车四马; 配有一定数量兵士的兵车 (cf. 偏: 小偏, 大偏); 乘是运载工具, (佛教) 教法 (又读 chéng) (人乘, 天乘, 声间乘, 缘觉乘, 菩萨乘); 双, 一对; 四; (古) (单位) 地积, 四丘为一乘; (春秋) (晋国) 史书, (史乘); 类别, 等级; (佛经) (代词) 第一人称; (方言) 承受, 承担
►references: Guǎngyùn:199.31,432.48; Wieger:31e; Karlgren:AD1207,GSR895a; Creel(1939:V.2):84; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:1.40.1; Mathews:398; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:83.09; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:157.1.06; EDOC:1
►components: 禾北
►Cantonese: sihng\ sihng-
Shuōwén: (𣔕)
<cdl char='乘' uni='4E58' radical='D1'>
<comp char='千' uni='5343' variant='1' points='4,0 124,128' />
<comp char='' uni='E148' points='4,44 40,80' />
<comp char='匕' uni='5315' points='88,44 124,80' />
<stroke type='p' points='64,68 0,122' head='vertical' tail='long' />
<stroke type='n' points='64,68 128,122' head='cut' />
<!-- 2012-09-18T16:53:26Z -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='千' uni='5343' variant='1'>
<stroke type='p' points='102,0 9,14' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,30 128,30' />
<stroke type='s' points='64,10 64,128' head='cut' />
<!-- 2012-09-18T16:52:54Z -->
<!-- variant based on [U+EADE](V=1) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='' uni='E148' points='30,0 98,128'>
<stroke type='s' points='128,0 128,128' />
<stroke type='h' points='12,36 128,36' tail='cut' />
<stroke type='t' points='0,114 128,88' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='匕' uni='5315' points='16,0 112,124' radical='K4 D1'>
<stroke type='p' points='101,20 0,52' />
<stroke type='swg' points='0,0 0,96 36,128 128,128 128,86' />
</cdl>
►stroke 乘 (... strokes)
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Unicode: U+4E58
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