Zi:前
前 [qián] before/formerly/previously (从前, 以前); before/facing, in front of (面前); (HDZ:) … [jiǎn] 剪; 翦
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
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The character 前 qián ‘before’ (9 strokes) was formerly wr. 𣦃 (12 strokes), augmenting the older form 歬 (10 strokes) with 刂/刀 (2 strokes) to specify the word later wr. 剪/翦 jiǎn ‘trim’.
Note: The modern form 前 conflates two old forms: ⑴ 前(歬) qián ‘ride/advance (in a boat)’, and ⑵ 前(𣦃𠝣剪) jiǎn ‘trim; trimmers/scissors’ (剪刀); cf. 歬, 剪, 翦.
Note: In the modern form 前 the top part 䒑 (3 strokes) is not 艹(艸/草 cǎo) ‘grass/plant’, but an old abbrev. of the upper component 止 of the old forms 歬/𣦃; the lower part of the modern form looks like 刖, but was formerly wr. 𦨉/舠 (with 舟 not 月, though 刖 is a trad. abbrev. comp. of 𦨉/舠); cf. 歬, 剪, 翦; 刖, 𦨉/舠.
Note: 前(歬) qián ‘ride/advance (in a boat)’ [progress without walking] → advance (stand/move at/to the prow/fore/front) ⇒ fore/front/before [in time/space].
“[前] Prow of a boat” —Karlgren. [ cf. 止, 之(𡳿); 先, 前(歬) ]
Compare: 先 xiān ‘first; prior’; 俞(兪) yú ‘dugout (canoe)’.
Compare: 近(𣂠) jìn ‘near/vicinity’, formerly wr. 𣥍.
HDZ: 前 : qián : (SW: 不行而進) 前进, 往前走 (勇往直前, 畏缩不前); 引导; 方位 (ant. 后) (前门, 树前树后); 切近, 面前 (跟前); 时间 (ant. 后), 过去的或较早的 (前天, 从前, 前功尽弃); 先, 在…之先, 预先; 未来的 (前景, 向前看); (姓) • jiǎn : 剪; 翦: 浅黑色 (cf. 翦: 浅淡)
►references: Guǎngyùn:132.05; Wieger:66d; Henshall:159; Karlgren:AD1077,GSR245a; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:1.248.4; Mathews:919; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:140.15; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:129.1.08; EDOC:1
►components: 䒑刖丷一月刂歬止舟𦨉舠
►Cantonese: chihn\
<cdl char='前' uni='524D' radical='Z2'>
<comp char='䒑' uni='4491' points='0,0 128,28' />
<comp char='刖' uni='5216' variant='4' points='14,48 112,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='䒑' uni='4491' points='0,0 128,40' radical='Q'>
<comp char='丷' uni='4E37' points='20,0 102,112' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,128 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='丷' uni='4E37' points='32,16 96,64' radical='D1 K12 Q'>
<stroke type='d' points='0,0 34,116' />
<stroke type='p' points='128,6 84,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='刖' uni='5216' variant='4' points='4,4 124,128'>
<comp char='月' uni='6708' variant='6' points='0,0 52,128' />
<comp char='刂' uni='5202' points='90,0 128,128' />
<!-- variant based on [U+E5DC](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='月' uni='6708' variant='6' points='16,4 112,128'>
<comp char='冂' uni='5182' variant='4' points='0,0 128,128' />
<comp char='二' uni='4E8C' variant='5' points='0,35 128,69' />
<!-- variant based on [U+2E9D](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='冂' uni='5182' variant='4' points='4,4 124,128' radical='K0'>
<stroke type='s' points='0,0 0,128' />
<stroke type='hzg' points='0,0 128,0 128,128 82,106' head='cut' />
<!-- variant based on [U+E6DA](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='二' uni='4E8C' variant='5' points='0,4 128,124' radical='K0'>
<stroke type='h' points='0,0 128,0' head='cut' tail='cut' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,128 128,128' head='cut' tail='cut' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF79](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='刂' uni='5202' points='92,0 124,128'>
<stroke type='s' points='0,18 0,84' />
<stroke type='sg' points='128,0 128,128 16,110' />
</cdl>
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Unicode: U+524D
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