Zi:笑: Difference between revisions
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<WL>笑 [xiào] smile (微笑); laugh (大笑 ‘laugh loudly’); (笑话 ‘joke; ridicule’); 可笑 ridiculous/funny@@; (HDZ:) … | <WL>笑 [xiào] smile (微笑); laugh (大笑 ‘laugh loudly’); (笑话 ‘joke; ridicule’); 可笑 ridiculous/funny@@; (HDZ:) … | ||
#i3 | #i3 | ||
The character 笑 xiào ‘smile/laugh’ | The character 笑 xiào ‘smile/laugh’ combines ⺮(竹 zhú) ‘bamboo’ (flute), and 夭(𫯛) yāo ‘bend/lean ahead/over’ (phonosemantic); bent over (with head down, like one playing a flute), doubled over with laughter (at/like the happy sound of the flute); formerly wr. 𥬇(), with 犬() quǎn ‘dog’ instead of 夭(𫯛); later also wr. 关/咲/㗛/𠺑. | ||
Compare: 幸(𡴘) xìng ‘luck’, in which 夭() a distracted/young fated/lucky person leaps/skips | Compare: 夭(𫯛) yāo ‘bend/lean ahead/over’; 幸(𡴘) xìng ‘luck’, in which 夭() a distracted/young fated/lucky person leaps/skips/avoids 屰() harm. | ||
Note: Received SW texts | Note: Received SW texts append an entry for 笑/𥬇 without trad. analysis; the component 夭/犬 is unclear in Tang/Song Seal forms of the character, but 𥬇() is said to be the older form (DYC). | ||
The Shuōwén Seal form of 𥬇() xiào ‘smile/ | The Shuōwén Seal form of 𥬇() xiào ‘smile/laugh (happily)’ combines ⺮(竹 zhú) ‘bamboo’ (as in 笛 dí ‘bamboo flute’, 籥/龠 yuè ‘panpipes’), and 犬() quǎn ‘dog/pup’ (as in 吠 ‘bark/yap’); the sounds of bamboo flutes and laughter, like the happy yapping of young pups (龂笑); later wr. 笑, and 关/咲/㗛/𠺑. | ||
Compare: 欣() xīn ‘happy/smiling/laughing’; 龂/齗() yín ‘the gums (of the teeth)’, 龂龂 yínyín ‘baring the teeth’, 龂笑 yínxiào ‘laugh’; 𪺽/猌() yìn ‘angry/snarling dog baring its teeth’. | Compare: 欣() xīn ‘happy/smiling/laughing’; 龂/齗() yín ‘the gums (of the teeth)’, 龂龂 yínyín ‘baring the teeth’, 龂笑 yínxiào ‘laugh’; 𪺽/猌() yìn ‘angry/snarling dog baring its teeth’. | ||
“[笑] 竹 bamboos 夭 rocked by the wind; 竹得风 , 如人之笑也。从 竹, 从夭, 会意。...” —Wieger. | |||
“[笑] 夭 bending for laughter?; value of 竹 uncertain” —Karlgren(1923). | |||
HDZ: 笑 : xiào : 因喜悦而开颜或出声; 欣羡, 喜爱; 讥笑, 嘲笑; 希望接受赠物的敬辞 | HDZ: 笑 : xiào : (SW: 喜) 因喜悦而开颜或出声; 欣羡, 喜爱; 讥笑, 嘲笑; 希望接受赠物的敬辞 | ||
HDC: 喜/嘻笑 : xīxiào : 强笑; 张口大笑, (形容) 神态自若; 嗤笑; 欢笑 | HDC: 喜/嘻笑 : xīxiào : 强笑; 张口大笑, (形容) 神态自若; 嗤笑; 欢笑 | ||
HDC: 喜笑 : xǐxiào | HDC: 喜笑 : xǐxiào : 喜悦而笑 | ||
HDC: 笑喜喜=笑嘻嘻 : 喜笑貌 | HDC: 笑喜喜=笑嘻嘻 : 喜笑貌 | ||
HDC: 喜眉笑眼 : (形容) 满脸喜笑的表情 | |||
HDC: 喜笑顏/顔開 : 笑逐顏/顔开, (形容) 心情愉快, 满面笑容 | |||
HDC: 笑逐顏/顔開 : 眉开眼笑, (形容) 喜悦的样子 | |||
#rG.413.30 W.61b K.AD216,GSR1150a D.5.2950.10 M.2615 KX..879.03 B.158.1.03 E.1 | #rG.413.30 W.61b K.AD216,GSR1150a D.5.2950.10 M.2615 KX..879.03 B.158.1.03 E.1 | ||
#c竹夭 | #c竹夭 | ||
#y siu- | #y siu- | ||
</WL> | </WL> | ||
Latest revision as of 05:52, 19 February 2019
笑 [xiào] smile (微笑); laugh (大笑 ‘laugh loudly’); (笑话 ‘joke; ridicule’); 可笑 ridiculous/funny; (HDZ:) …
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
►¹xiào 笑 {A} v. ①smile; laugh ②ridicule; laugh at ‖ Tā gāng xué, bié ∼ tā. 她刚学, 别∼她。 She's a beginner. Don't laugh at her.
The character 笑 xiào ‘smile/laugh’ combines ⺮(竹 zhú) ‘bamboo’ (flute), and 夭(𫯛) yāo ‘bend/lean ahead/over’ (phonosemantic); bent over (with head down, like one playing a flute), doubled over with laughter (at/like the happy sound of the flute); formerly wr. 𥬇, with 犬 quǎn ‘dog’ instead of 夭(𫯛); later also wr. 关/咲/㗛/𠺑.
Compare: 夭(𫯛) yāo ‘bend/lean ahead/over’; 幸(𡴘) xìng ‘luck’, in which 夭 a distracted/young fated/lucky person leaps/skips/avoids 屰 harm.
Note: Received SW texts append an entry for 笑/𥬇 without trad. analysis; the component 夭/犬 is unclear in Tang/Song Seal forms of the character, but 𥬇 is said to be the older form (DYC).
The Shuōwén Seal form of 𥬇 xiào ‘smile/laugh (happily)’ combines ⺮(竹 zhú) ‘bamboo’ (as in 笛 dí ‘bamboo flute’, 籥/龠 yuè ‘panpipes’), and 犬 quǎn ‘dog/pup’ (as in 吠 ‘bark/yap’); the sounds of bamboo flutes and laughter, like the happy yapping of young pups (龂笑); later wr. 笑, and 关/咲/㗛/𠺑.
Compare: 欣 xīn ‘happy/smiling/laughing’; 龂/齗 yín ‘the gums (of the teeth)’, 龂龂 yínyín ‘baring the teeth’, 龂笑 yínxiào ‘laugh’; 𪺽/猌 yìn ‘angry/snarling dog baring its teeth’.
“[笑] 竹 bamboos 夭 rocked by the wind; 竹得风 , 如人之笑也。从 竹, 从夭, 会意。...” —Wieger.
“[笑] 夭 bending for laughter?; value of 竹 uncertain” —Karlgren(1923).
HDZ: 笑 : xiào : (SW: 喜) 因喜悦而开颜或出声; 欣羡, 喜爱; 讥笑, 嘲笑; 希望接受赠物的敬辞
HDC: 喜/嘻笑 : xīxiào : 强笑; 张口大笑, (形容) 神态自若; 嗤笑; 欢笑
HDC: 喜笑 : xǐxiào : 喜悦而笑
HDC: 笑喜喜=笑嘻嘻 : 喜笑貌
HDC: 喜眉笑眼 : (形容) 满脸喜笑的表情
HDC: 喜笑顏/顔開 : 笑逐顏/顔开, (形容) 心情愉快, 满面笑容
HDC: 笑逐顏/顔開 : 眉开眼笑, (形容) 喜悦的样子
►references: Guǎngyùn:413.30; Wieger:61b; Karlgren:AD216,GSR1150a; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:5.2950.10; Mathews:2615; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:879.03; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:158.1.03; EDOC:1
►components: 竹夭
►Cantonese: siu-
<cdl char='笑' uni='7B11'>
<comp char='竹' uni='7AF9' variant='2' points='0,0 128,34' />
<comp char='夭' uni='592D' points='0,38 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='竹' uni='7AF9' variant='2' points='0,16 128,72'>
<comp char='亇' uni='4E87' variant='6' points='0,0 64,128' />
<comp char='亇' uni='4E87' variant='6' points='64,0 128,128' />
<!-- variant based on [U+25AD7](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='亇' uni='4E87' variant='6' points='0,16 128,88' radical='K0'>
<stroke type='p' points='63,0 0,128' />
<stroke type='h' points='55,40 128,40' head='cut' />
<stroke type='d' points='65,54 100,113' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EFE7](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='夭' uni='592D' radical='Z3 K4 D1'>
<stroke type='p' points='106,0 14,22' />
<stroke type='h' points='8,52 120,52' />
<stroke type='wp' points='64,16 0,128' head='cut' tail='long' />
<stroke type='n' points='70,52 128,128' head='cut' />
</cdl>
►stroke 笑 (... strokes)
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Unicode: U+7B11
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