Zi:得
得 [de] (grammatical function) [dé] get, reach, achieve [děi] should/must; (HDZ:) …
3 monosyllabic entries in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
►³de 得 {A} inf. (used in r.v.) ‖ kàn∼jiàn 看∼见 able to see ◆s.p. (used to link a verb and the manner clause that follows it) ‖ shuō ∼ kuài 说∼快 speak quickly ‖ dà ∼ nábudòng 大∼拿不动 so big that it can't be moved ◆cmp. (potential complement) ‖ Tā hǎo le, xiànzài chī∼ le. 他好了, 现在吃∼了。 He's well again and can eat now.
►děi 得 {A} aux. must ◆v. 〈environment:〉 coll. ①need ‖ Wọ̌ dẹ̌i zǒu le. 我∼走了。 I must go. ②should be
►¹dé 得 {A} v. ①get ②result in ③be fit/proper ④be satisfied ⑤be finished ‖ ∼le, bié shuō le. ∼了, 别说了。 OK! OK! That's enough.
In Shuōwén the character 得(𢔶) dé ‘get’ combines 彳 chì ‘go/walk (slowly)’ on the left, and 㝵(䙷) dé ‘get’ on the right; 㝵 itself is defined twice in SW: first (under 彳 radical) it is simply defined as an abbrev. form of 得; later (under 見 radical) it is given its own entry, and there said to combine 見 jiàn ‘see’ and 寸 ‘measure (the pulse)’; this kind of duplication is seen in Chinese dictionaries when there are variant/competing analyses of the semantics and component structure.
Older graphs (OBI) associated with 得/㝵(䙷䙸𡬩㝶𠭁𥃷𧴫) are said to combine 貝 bèi ‘cowrie-shell (money)’ (not 見, as in the Seal) and 又 ‘hand’ (get your hands on some cash).
Note: In the modern forms 得/㝵, the old component 貝/見 is reduced to 旦 dàn ‘dawn’.
Note: 得 děi ‘must/should’ is said to be an extension of ‘get/achieve’ (one must get money).
Compare: 德 dé ‘virtue’ (道德), formerly wr. 㥁(悳), 𢜖, and assoc. with 得.
HDZ: 得 : dé : (甲) 从又持贝; 得到, 获得 (ant. 失); 贪得; 采用, 采取; 相遇, 遇到; 控制, 驾驭; 便利, 有利; 投合, 投契; 适合, 适当; 晓悟, 了解; 完成; 足, 满足; 及, 到; 可, 能够; (结束) (同意; 禁止); (副词) (岂; 特); (周易) 德 • děi : (旧读) dé : 必须, 应该 • de : (助词) 可能, 能够 (这房子还住得); (跑得快); 了: 完成; (语气词)
►references: Guǎngyùn:529.08; Wieger:45e; Karlgren:AD980,GSR905d; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:2.828.3; Lindqvist:159; Mathews:6161; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:367.31; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:199.0.05; Wáng(1993):140; EDOC:1
►components: 彳㝵旦寸
►Cantonese: dak\
<cdl char='得' uni='5F97'>
<comp char='彳' uni='5F73' points='0,0 36,128' />
<comp char='㝵' uni='3775' points='42,6 128,128' />
</cdl>
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<cdl char='㝵' uni='3775' points='0,4 128,128' radical='K72'>
<comp char='旦' uni='65E6' points='8,0 118,60' />
<comp char='寸' uni='5BF8' points='0,66 128,128' />
<!-- 2012-06-30T22:49:58Z -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='旦' uni='65E6' points='4,4 124,124'>
<comp char='日' uni='65E5' points='24,0 104,88' />
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<cdl char='日' uni='65E5' points='24,8 104,120'>
<comp char='冂' uni='5182' variant='5' points='0,0 128,128' />
<comp char='二' uni='4E8C' variant='5' points='0,60 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='冂' uni='5182' variant='5' points='4,4 124,128'>
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<stroke type='hz' points='0,0 128,0 128,128' head='cut' tail='long' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF7E](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='二' uni='4E8C' variant='5' points='0,4 128,124' radical='K0'>
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<stroke type='h' points='0,128 128,128' head='cut' tail='cut' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF79](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='寸' uni='5BF8'>
<comp char='' uni='ED1C' points='0,0 128,128' />
<stroke type='d' points='20,60 38,90' />
<!-- 2013-03-12T19:24:34Z -->
</cdl>
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<stroke type='sg' points='84,0 84,128 48,118' />
<!-- 2013-03-12T19:22:51Z -->
</cdl>
►stroke 得 (... strokes)
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Unicode: U+5F97
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The Wenlin Zidian (namespace Zi)
URL: https://wenlin.co/wow/Zi:%E5%BE%97
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