Zi:了
了 [le] (particle) 算了, 好了 [liǎo] 了/瞭解 comprehend [liào] 瞭/了望 keep watch/lookout [liāo] 微微了了; (HDZ:) … [liáo] 了/嘹高兒
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Cantonese-English Dictionary (namespace Jyut):
►liu5/1 了 b.f./char. ►bai1 goek3 liu5/1 go1 跛腳了哥 ►bai1 goek3 liu5/1 go1 zi6 jau5 fei1 loi4 maang5 跛腳了哥自有飛來蜢 ►ceot1 liu5/1 go1 出了哥 ►liu5/1 go1 了哥
6 monosyllabic entries in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
►¹le* 了 {A} m.p. (indicating a new situation) ‖ Hǎo ∼. 好∼。 It's OK now. ◆a.m. (indicating completed action) ‖ Wǒ zhị̌ qǐng∼ yị̄ wèi kèren. 我只请∼一位客人。 I invited only one guest.
►¹liǎo* 了 {A} v. end; finish; settle; dispose of ‖ Gǎnkuài bǎ zhè jiàn shìr ∼ le. 赶快把这件事儿∼了。 Put an end to this matter quickly. ◆cmp. (used with de and bu to indicate possibility) ‖ chīde∼ 吃得∼ can eat ◆adv. 〈environment:〉 wr. entirely
►³liào 瞭/了 {E} b.f. observe; look out over ►liàowàng 瞭望 ►liàowàngtǎ 瞭望塔
►³liāo 了 char. ►wēiwēiliaoliāo 微微了了
►¹³liáo 了 char. ►liáogāor 嘹高儿
►⁵liǎo 了[-/瞭] {A} b.f. know clearly; understand ►liạ̌ojiě 了解 ►míngliǎo 明了 ►liǎorán 了然
The Shuōwén Seal form of 了() liǎo/le ‘lame/trip’ is said to be an abbrev. of 子(𠯃) zǐ ‘child/offspring’, omitting the arms; 子 with up-raised arms omits the child's feet, emphasizing its helpless dependence; in 了 the helplessness is complete, the child cannot raise its arms (is weak, or has arm spasms), can neither stand nor even crawl; and hence extended 了 ‘complete’ usages.
Note: The SW gloss 了() liǎo/le ‘lame/trip’ puns on 尥() liào ‘lame/trip/stumble’ (hobbled, knock-kneed, bow-legged, trip over one's own feet).
Note: Today 了 simplifies 瞭 liǎo (了解), but not 瞭 liào (GFC); formerly 了 was also used as the simple form of 瞭 liào (瞭/了望), cf. 瞭, 憭 (HDZ).
Compare: 憭() liǎo ‘bright/intelligent’ (了/憭解), later wr. 了/瞭 (了/瞭解).
Compare: 𠄏 diǎo (了 inverted); 𡤼(), 孒(), 孨().
“[了] 从子无臂, 指事。...This character, being very easy to write, and of no use, had its primitive meaning changed into different arbitrary ones. It is now used specially to write the suffix liǎo, so frequent in the spoken language. Note the philological definition of the part it plays in that case; 发声之词, 犹言结; emission of a sound, in order to knot, to end a sentence” —Wieger.
HDZ: 了 : liǎo : 走路时足胫相交 (了: 手之挛; 尥: 胫之絷; cf. 尥); 结束, 了结; 决定, 决断; 聪明, 有才智 (cf. 憭, 了/憭解); 明白, 懂得; 清楚, 明晰; 快; 悬挂; (副词) 完全, 全然 • le : (助词) 完成; (语气词) (肯定; 劝止、命令 (别吵了; 快躲了; 闪开了); (感叹) ((水浒传) 好了! 兀的不是一个人来?)) • liào : (简体) 瞭
►references: Guǎngyùn:295.52; Wieger:94h; Karlgren:AD545; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:1.48.6; Mathews:3958; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:85.11; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:001.1.08; EDOC:1
►Cantonese: liuh/ lak-
Shuōwén: (了)
<cdl char='了' uni='4E86' points='12,8 116,128' radical='K5 D1'>
<stroke type='hg' points='0,0 128,0 64,38' />
<stroke type='sg' points='64,36 64,128 21,108' />
</cdl>
►stroke 了 (... strokes)
►list characters containing 了 as a component
►list words containing 了 (most common words first)
Unicode: U+4E86
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