Zi:免
免 [miǎn] exempt; 免费 free of charge; 避免 avoid; childbirth (免身); (HDZ:) 冕; …; 娩/㝃; 勉; …; (姓) [wèn] 絻 [wǎn] 默; 晚
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
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The Shuōwén Seal form of 免 miǎn ‘escape/avoid’ is perhaps an abbrev. of 兔 tù ‘rabbit’, as in 俛 fǔ ‘lower the head (escape)’: the rabbit runs away in a flash, escaping so fast that its tail cannot be seen (or it lost its tail to a hound/predator).
Note: Received SW texts lack an entry for the common SW phonetic component 免, or an entry is added (DYC); but 俛⿰亻免 is also wr. 俛⿰亻兔 (DYC), suggesting the component should be 兔 tù ‘rabbit’ (phonosemantic), and thus component 免 is perhaps 俛 fǔ (abbrev. phonosemantic); cf. 俛.
Compare: 兔 tù ‘rabbit’ ← MC /thos/; 逸 yì ‘escape’ ← MC /Øiet/; 挽, 輓 wǎn.
Compare: 免, 冕, 勉, 俛 miǎn ← MC /mjanʔ/; 丏 miǎn ‘hidden’ ← MC /minʔ/ (SBGY).
Compare: 俛(頫), 府, 俯 fǔ ← MC /pjuoʔ/ (SBGY).
“[免] Get off, escape; avoid; to spare, remit — picture of a running hare” —Karlgren(AD).
Older graphs associated with 免 are also assoc. with 冕 miǎn ‘crown/hat’ (HDZ).
HDZ: 免 : miǎn : (郭沫若) “免” 是 “冕” 之初文, 象人着冕形 (cf. 冕/絻); 脱掉, 脱落 (cf. 俛); 释放; 避开, 逃避; 罢黜; 豁免 (免税, 免疫, 赦免); 离开; 弱; 𬯎; 归; 不可, 不要 (闲人免进, 免开尊口); 事不相及; 娩: 生孩子 (分娩/㝃); 勉: 勉力; 俛: 俯 (cf. DYC: 俛⿰亻兔, 免/兔); (姓) • wèn : 絻: (古) 丧服, 去冠, 用布包裹发髻; 新鲜的食物 • wǎn : 默; 晚
►references: Guǎngyùn:294.53; Wieger:106a; Karlgren:AD625,GSR222a; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:1.270.9; Mathews:4492; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:124.23; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:055.0.04
►components: ⺈口儿
►Cantonese: mihn/
<cdl char='免' uni='514D' radical='Z2'>
<comp char='' uni='E7D3' points='0,0 114,128' />
<stroke type='swg' points='75,74 75,107 90,120 128,120 128,96' head='cut' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='' uni='E7D3' points='0,0 114,128' radical='K0'>
<comp char='𠂊' uni='2008A' variant='1' points='0,0 108,42' />
<comp char='口' uni='53E3' points='24,42 128,74' />
<stroke type='wp' points='70,42 0,128' head='cut' tail='long' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='𠂊' uni='2008A' variant='1' points='0,0 128,64'>
<stroke type='p' points='64,0 0,124' tail='long' />
<stroke type='hg' points='52,46 128,46 92,128' head='cut' />
<!-- variant based on [U+2E88](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='口' uni='53E3' points='24,24 104,104'>
<comp char='冂' uni='5182' variant='5' points='0,0 128,128' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,128 128,128' head='cut' tail='cut' />
<!-- 2010-03-11T17:40:58Z -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='冂' uni='5182' variant='5' points='4,4 124,128'>
<stroke type='s' points='0,0 0,128' tail='long' />
<stroke type='hz' points='0,0 128,0 128,128' head='cut' tail='long' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF7E](V=0) -->
</cdl>
►stroke 免 (... strokes)
►list characters containing 免 as a component
►list words containing 免 (most common words first)
Unicode: U+514D
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The Wenlin Zidian (namespace Zi)
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