Zi:干

干 [gān] trunk/stem (树干, 天干); 干涉 interfere; (radical 51, 干部); (F乾) dry/dried; (F幹) (HDC:) 幹枝, 命幹, 支幹, … [gàn] (F幹) do/work [àn] 豻 [hán] (F幹) 韓/榦, (HDC:) 井幹

3 monosyllabic entries in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):

►¹gàn* 干[幹] {A} b.f. ①trunk ►shùgàn 树干 ②main body ►gànxiàn 干线 ◆v. ①do; work ‖ Wǒmen ∼ qǐlai ba! 我们∼起来吧! Let's get started! ‖ Wǒmen yīnggāi bǎ zhège gōngzuò ∼ dàodǐ. 我们应该把这个工作∼到底。 We have to carry this job through to completion. ②hold the post of ③fight ‖ Wǒmen děi gēn dírén ∼ dàodǐ. 我们得跟敌人∼到底。 We have to fight the enemy to the bitter end. ◆ab. gànbù
►¹gān 干[乾] {B} s.v. ①dry ‖ Yīfu ∼ le. 衣服∼了。 The clothes have dried. ②hollow ◆adv. ①for nothing; in vain ②helplessly ‖ ∼ zháojí, méi bànfǎ. ∼着急, 没办法。 Worry helplessly without any solutions ③only; simply
►²gān 干 {E} v. have to do with; be implicated in; involve ‖ Yǔ tā hé ∼? 与他何∼? What has this to do with him? ◆b.f. ①shield ►gāngē 干戈 ②Heavenly Stems ►tiāngān 天干

The character 干 is an old character, today still used with some of its old meanings, and also used as the simple form of both 乾 gān ‘dry’, and 幹 gàn ‘do/work; post/pile’.
    The Shuōwén Seal form of 干 gān ‘offend/invade’ is said to combine 入 rù ‘enter/invade’ (inverted), with a horizontal stroke 一 representing the one (person/thing/ground/territory) entered/invaded: 入 is inverted in order to indicate upward offense, against a superior (DYC); cf. 𢆉 rěn ‘stab/rob/offend’.
    Compare: 矢 shǐ ‘arrow’, in which 入 rù ‘arrowhead’ (镞 zú); and so 干 represents an arrow/arrowhead (or spearhead) shot/stuck/planted into the ground (territory held by military force); cf. 至.
    Compare: 臿(𦥫) chā ‘to hull grain’, in which 千/干 gān ‘pestle’, 臼 jiù ‘mortar’ (pestle rammed into an earthen hole/mortar).
    Compare: 午 wǔ, as in 杵 chǔ ‘pestle’ (杵臼 ‘mortar and pestle’); 舂(𦦓) chōng ‘pound/thresh (grain)’.
    Compare: 竿 gān ‘pole’, also wr. 杆; 榦(𣘒) gàn ‘tree trunk; post/pile’, later wr. 幹.
    Compare: 𣎴 è/niè ‘tree stump’; 不(𠀚) fū ‘(botany) thalamus/calyx’ (柎, said to be related to 𣎴 è).
    Compare: 舌 shé ‘tongue’, in which the top 干 gān (phonosemantic) in old graphs may be 矢 shǐ (phonetic) inverted.
    Compare: 函(圅) hán ‘tongue (in the mouth)’, in which a shape like 𢆉 depicts a ‘tongue’; 㐁(𠀬) tiàn/tiǎn ‘tongue/lick’.
    Older graphs associated with 干 are thought to depict a forked stick/pole/spear (cf. 丫) used in hunting/fishing/warfare; later wr. 竿, 杆, 幹/榦.
    “[干] tree-stem used as battering ram or pestle” —Karlgren(1923). [ “stem” → trunk; cf. 幹 below ]
    “[干] represents a pestle. Compare 午. By extension, to grind, to destroy; morally, to oppose, to offend against; blunt arms, offence, injury, etc.” —Wieger.
    Note: The full-form character 乾 gān ‘dry’ is used among simple-form characters only for 乾 qián (☰); cf. 乾(𠄃𠄊).
    HDZ: 干 : gān : (甲骨) 桠叉的木棒 (cf. 丫); (古)(兵器名) 盾: 用来挡住刀箭, 卫护自身的兵器 (cf. 𢧀); 触犯, 冒犯; 扰乱, 干扰; 求取, 干求 (cf. 请求); 干预, 干涉; 关涉; 岸: 水畔 (SJ: 斯干); (量词) 个, 伙, 帮; (江南) 山垅/垄之间的地段; 涧 (jiàn); 乾 ((ant. 湿); 空, 白白地); 矸: 砂石; (国名) (邗: 吴国; (古) 干国); (姓); (简体) 乾; cf. 幹/榦 (天干) • gàn : 扞/捍: 捍卫; 立, 建立; (简体) 幹 • àn : 豻: 胡地野狗
    HDC: 干支 : gānzhī : (初作) 幹枝: 天干和地支的合称 (cf. 幹枝)
►references: Guǎngyùn:122.37; Wieger:102a; Karlgren:AD296,299,GSR139a; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:1.405.5; Mathews:3211; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:339.01; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:002.0.05; Wáng(1993):64; EDOC:1
►components: 二丨
►Cantonese: gon\
►stroke 干 (... strokes)
►list characters containing 干 as a component
►list words containing 干 (most common words first)
Unicode: U+5E72
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