Zi:时: Difference between revisions
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The full-form character 時, with 日 ‘sun/day’, and 寺 sì (phonetic), reflects reanalysis of older forms such as 旹 (for older 𣥜), later augmented with 寸 cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’. | The full-form character 時, with 日 ‘sun/day’, and 寺 sì (phonetic), reflects reanalysis of older forms such as 旹 (for older 𣥜), later augmented with 寸 cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’. | ||
The Shuōwén Seal form of 時() shí ‘the four seasons; quarter-year/season/time-period’ combines 日(𡆠) rì ‘sun/day’ (time), and 寺() sì ‘court official’ (phonosemantic); formerly wr. 旹(), with 之(𡳿㞢) zhī ‘go out/forth’ (phonosemantic). | The Shuōwén Seal form of 時() shí ‘the four seasons; quarter-year/season/time-period’ combines 日(𡆠) rì ‘sun/day’ (time), and 寺() sì ‘court official’ (phonosemantic); formerly wr. 旹(), with 之(𡳿㞢) zhī ‘go out/forth’ (phonosemantic). | ||
Note: The paronomastic SW gloss 時() shí ‘four seasons; quarter-year’ (四时), involves a pun on 四() sì ‘four’; cf. 四时 sìshí ‘four seasons; quarter-year; quarter day (⑴ dawn/morning, ⑵ noon/day, ⑶ evening/dusk, ⑷ night/midnight’ (HDC). | Note: The paronomastic SW gloss 時() shí ‘four seasons; quarter-year’ (四时), involves a pun on 四() sì ‘four’; cf. 四时 sìshí ‘four seasons; quarter-year; quarter day (⑴ dawn/morning, ⑵ noon/day, ⑶ evening/dusk, ⑷ night/midnight’) (HDC). | ||
Compare: 時() shí ‘time’ ← MC /ʑji/; 四(𠃢亖) sì ‘four’ ← MC /sieis/; 日() rì ‘sun/day’ ← MC /ȵiet/ (SBGY). | Compare: 時() shí ‘time’ ← MC /ʑji/; 四(𠃢亖) sì ‘four’ ← MC /sieis/; 日() rì ‘sun/day’ ← MC /ȵiet/ (SBGY). | ||
Note: The old SW form 旹() suggests that the full form 時 formerly combined 旹 and 寸, not 日 and 寺 (and so the common component 寺 would be an abbrev. of 時); in the simple form 时, the full-form component 寺 is abbrev. to its lower part 寸 (cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’), reflecting a subsequent phase of abbrev.; the simple-form character 时 itself is an old form, but not very old; HDZ cites old sources incorrectly assoc. the form 时 directly with the old form 𣅱(旹), ignoring the fact that 寸 does not occur in the old graphs. | Note: The old SW form 旹() suggests that the full form 時 formerly combined 旹 and 寸, not 日 and 寺 (and so the common component 寺 would be an abbrev. of 時); in the simple form 时, the full-form component 寺 is abbrev. to its lower part 寸 (cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’), reflecting a subsequent phase of abbrev.; the simple-form character 时 itself is an old form, but not very old; HDZ cites old sources incorrectly assoc. the form 时 directly with the old form 𣅱(旹), ignoring the fact that 寸 does not occur in the old graphs. | ||
Latest revision as of 02:36, 23 October 2018
时(F時) [shí] time (时间, 时候); 小时 hour; 适时 timely; 时代 era; 时世 age/generation; 时势 situation/trend; 时机 opportunity
One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):
►²shí To view this entry, please log in
The simple-form character 时 shí ‘time’ (7 strokes) is an old abbrev. of the full-form character 時 (10 strokes), replacing the full-form component 寺 (6 strokes) with its lower part 寸 (3 strokes).
The full-form character 時, with 日 ‘sun/day’, and 寺 sì (phonetic), reflects reanalysis of older forms such as 旹 (for older 𣥜), later augmented with 寸 cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’.
The Shuōwén Seal form of 時 shí ‘the four seasons; quarter-year/season/time-period’ combines 日(𡆠) rì ‘sun/day’ (time), and 寺 sì ‘court official’ (phonosemantic); formerly wr. 旹, with 之(𡳿㞢) zhī ‘go out/forth’ (phonosemantic).
Note: The paronomastic SW gloss 時 shí ‘four seasons; quarter-year’ (四时), involves a pun on 四 sì ‘four’; cf. 四时 sìshí ‘four seasons; quarter-year; quarter day (⑴ dawn/morning, ⑵ noon/day, ⑶ evening/dusk, ⑷ night/midnight’) (HDC).
Compare: 時 shí ‘time’ ← MC /ʑji/; 四(𠃢亖) sì ‘four’ ← MC /sieis/; 日 rì ‘sun/day’ ← MC /ȵiet/ (SBGY).
Note: The old SW form 旹 suggests that the full form 時 formerly combined 旹 and 寸, not 日 and 寺 (and so the common component 寺 would be an abbrev. of 時); in the simple form 时, the full-form component 寺 is abbrev. to its lower part 寸 (cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’), reflecting a subsequent phase of abbrev.; the simple-form character 时 itself is an old form, but not very old; HDZ cites old sources incorrectly assoc. the form 时 directly with the old form 𣅱(旹), ignoring the fact that 寸 does not occur in the old graphs.
Older graphs associated with 時/旹 are wr. 𣥜, with the top part 止 zhǐ ‘foot; stand/stop’ (beat the foot, keep time), not 之(𡳿) ‘go out/forth’; 止/之 are not clearly distinct in old graphs.
Compare: 是 shì ‘be’; 春(萅𣊨㫩) chūn ‘springtime’.
HDZ: 时 : 𣅱/時: 时, 𣅱的古文 (cf. 旹/峕/𡺞), (今) (简体) 時
►references: Wieger:79b; Henshall:135; Karlgren:AD811; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:2.1487.2; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:048.0.03; Wáng(1993):194; EDOC:0
►components: 日寸
►Cantonese: sih\
<cdl char='时' uni='65F6' points='4,0 128,128'>
<comp char='日' uni='65E5' points='0,22 36,100' />
<comp char='寸' uni='5BF8' points='46,0 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='日' uni='65E5' points='24,8 104,120'>
<comp char='冂' uni='5182' variant='5' points='0,0 128,128' />
<comp char='二' uni='4E8C' variant='5' points='0,60 128,128' />
</cdl>
<cdl char='冂' uni='5182' variant='5' points='4,4 124,128'>
<stroke type='s' points='0,0 0,128' tail='long' />
<stroke type='hz' points='0,0 128,0 128,128' head='cut' tail='long' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF7E](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='二' uni='4E8C' variant='5' points='0,4 128,124' radical='K0'>
<stroke type='h' points='0,0 128,0' head='cut' tail='cut' />
<stroke type='h' points='0,128 128,128' head='cut' tail='cut' />
<!-- variant based on [U+EF79](V=0) -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='寸' uni='5BF8'>
<comp char='' uni='ED1C' points='0,0 128,128' />
<stroke type='d' points='20,60 38,90' />
<!-- 2013-03-12T19:24:34Z -->
</cdl>
<cdl char='' uni='ED1C'>
<stroke type='h' points='0,38 128,38' />
<stroke type='sg' points='84,0 84,128 48,118' />
<!-- 2013-03-12T19:22:51Z -->
</cdl>
►stroke 时 (... strokes)
►list characters containing 时 as a component
►list words containing 时 (most common words first)
Unicode: U+65F6
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URL: https://wenlin.co/wow/Zi:%E6%97%B6
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