Zi:时: Difference between revisions

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时(F時) [shí] time (时间, 时候); 小时 hour; 适时 timely; 时代 era; 时世 age/generation; 时势 situation/trend; 时机 opportunity

One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):

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The simple-form character 时 shí ‘time’ (7 strokes) is an old abbrev. of the full-form character 時 (10 strokes), replacing the full-form component 寺 (6 strokes) with its lower part 寸 (3 strokes).
    The full-form character 時, with 日 ‘sun/day’, and 寺 sì (phonetic), reflects reanalysis of older forms such as 旹 (for older 𣥜), later augmented with 寸 cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’.
    The Shuōwén Seal form of 時 shí ‘the four seasons; quarter-year/season/time-period’ combines 日(𡆠) rì ‘sun/day’ (time), and 寺 sì ‘court official’ (phonosemantic); formerly wr. 旹, with 之(𡳿㞢) zhī ‘go out/forth’ (phonosemantic).
    Note: The paronomastic SW gloss 時 shí ‘four seasons; quarter-year’ (四时), involves a pun on 四 sì ‘four’; cf. 四时 sìshí ‘four seasons; quarter-year; quarter day (⑴ dawn/morning, ⑵ noon/day, ⑶ evening/dusk, ⑷ night/midnight’ (HDC).
    Compare: 時 shí ‘time’ ← MC /ʑji/; 四(𠃢亖) sì ‘four’ ← MC /sieis/; 日 rì ‘sun/day’ ← MC /ȵiet/ (SBGY).
    Note: The old SW form 旹 suggests that the full form 時 formerly combined 旹 and 寸, not 日 and 寺 (and so the common component 寺 would be an abbrev. of 時); in the simple form 时, the full-form component 寺 is abbrev. to its lower part 寸 (cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’), reflecting a subsequent phase of abbrev.; the simple-form character 时 itself is an old form, but not very old; HDZ cites old sources incorrectly assoc. the form 时 directly with the old form 𣅱(旹), ignoring the fact that 寸 does not occur in the old graphs.
    Older graphs associated with 時/旹 are wr. 𣥜, with the top part 止 zhǐ ‘foot; stand/stop’ (beat the foot, keep time), not 之(𡳿) ‘go out/forth’; 止/之 are not clearly distinct in old graphs.
    Compare: 是 shì ‘be’; 春(萅𣊨㫩) chūn ‘springtime’.
    HDZ: 时 : 𣅱/時: 时, 𣅱的古文 (cf. 旹/峕/𡺞), (今) (简体) 時
 ►references: Wieger:79b; Henshall:135; Karlgren:AD811; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:2.1487.2; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:048.0.03; Wáng(1993):194; EDOC:0
►components: 日寸
►Cantonese: sih\
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Unicode: U+65F6
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 <WL>时(F時) [shí] time (时间, 时候); 小时 hour; 适时 timely; 时代 era; 时世 age/generation; 时势 situation/trend; 时机 opportunity
 #i3
-The full form 時(􁈒) combines 日 rì ‘day’ and 寺(􀡼) sì ‘court official’ (phonetic).
+The simple-form character 时 shí ‘time’ (7 strokes) is an old abbrev. of the full-form character 時 (10 strokes), replacing the full-form component 寺 (6 strokes) with its lower part 寸 (3 strokes).
-	In the simple form 时, the full-form component 寺 is abbrev. to 寸 (cùn ‘measure’).
+	The full-form character 時, with 日 ‘sun/day’, and 寺 sì (phonetic), reflects reanalysis of older forms such as 旹 (for older 𣥜), later augmented with 寸 cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’.
-	Shuōwén includes, in addition to 時(􁈒), an old variant 旹(􁈓), with 之(􁂼𡳿) zhī (phonetic); perhaps 時 simply combines 旹 and 寸 (and then 時 abbreviated resulted in the common component 寺).
+	The Shuōwén Seal form of 時(􁈒) shí ‘the four seasons; quarter-year/season/time-period’ combines 日(􁈏􁈐𡆠) rì ‘sun/day’ (time), and 寺(􀡼) sì ‘court official’ (phonosemantic); formerly wr. 旹(􁈓), with 之(􁂼𡳿㞢) zhī ‘go out/forth’ (phonosemantic).
-	Compare: , 是(􀒁) shì ‘be’, 春(􀋡萅𣊨㫩) chūn ‘springtime’.
+	Note: The paronomastic SW gloss 時(􁈒) shí ‘four seasons; quarter-year’ (四时), involves a pun on 四(􂤐) sì ‘four’; cf. 四时 sìshí ‘four seasons; quarter-year; quarter day (⑴ dawn/morning, ⑵ noon/day, ⑶ evening/dusk, ⑷ night/midnight’ (HDC).
+	Compare: 時(􁈒) shí ‘time’ ← MC /ʑji/; 四(􂤐􂤑𠃢􂤒亖) sì ‘four’ ← MC /sieis/; 日(􁈏) rì ‘sun/day’ ← MC /ȵiet/ (SBGY).
+	Note: The old SW form 旹(􁈓) suggests that the full form 時 formerly combined 旹 and 寸, not 日 and 寺 (and so the common component 寺 would be an abbrev. of 時); in the simple form 时, the full-form component 寺 is abbrev. to its lower part 寸 (cùn ‘measure/take the pulse’), reflecting a subsequent phase of abbrev.; the simple-form character 时 itself is an old form, but not very old; HDZ cites old sources incorrectly assoc. the form 时 directly with the old form 𣅱(􁈓旹), ignoring the fact that 寸 does not occur in the old graphs.
+	Older graphs associated with 時/旹 are wr. 𣥜, with the top part 止(􀑥) zhǐ ‘foot; stand/stop’ (beat the foot, keep time), not 之(􁂼𡳿) ‘go out/forth’; 止/之 are not clearly distinct in old graphs.
+	Compare: 是(􀒁) shì ‘be’; 春(􀋡萅𣊨㫩) chūn ‘springtime’.
+	HDZ: 时 : 𣅱/時: 时, 𣅱的古文 (cf. 旹/峕/𡺞), (今) (简体) 時
 #rW.79b H.135 K.AD811 D.2.1487.2 B.048.0.03 WHY...194 E.0
 #c日寸
 #y sih\
 </WL>