Difference between revisions of "Zi:并"

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<WL>并 [bìng] (F併) combine, merge; (F並) and; equally; truly  [bīng] 并州@@ [bǐng] cf. 屏, 幷) [bàn] (F並)  [bàng] (F並) (HDC)
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<WL>并 [bìng] (F併) combine, merge; (F並) and; equally; truly@@; (HDZ:) cf. 幷 [bīng] 并州  [bǐng] (HDC:) 屏弃, 屏退, 抑制  [bàn] (F並)  [bàng] (F並) (HDC)
 
#i4
 
#i4
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Both forms 并(􁙡𢆙幷) and 並(􁱷𠀤竝並󰀂) originally depicted two people standing side by side.
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Both forms 并 and 並 are thought to derive from old graphs depicting two people standing side by side; by one explanation (referring to the oldest associated forms) 并 has 从 ‘two people’, joined together by one or two horizontal lines (cf. 卒).
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并/幷 (by one explanation, with reference to the oldest forms of the character) derives from 从 ‘two people’, joined together by one or two horizontal lines; compare 卒.
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Note: The two characters 并/並 formerly were regarded as distinct (they have separate entries in Shuōwén); Karlgren(1923) says they were cognate words but not identical.
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But Shuōwén explains 𢆙幷并(􁙡) as being comprised of 从(􁙟) (cf. 􁙢比􁙣夶; 􁱷𠀤) atop 幵开(􂟾), the latter (“幵, 平也”) being phonetic (modern 幵 jiān/qiān, also said to be phonetic in 􁡪形). Of 并, HDZ says only ‘同 “幷”’ (q.v.).
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Shuōwén explains 并(􁙡𢆙幷) as combining 从(􁙟) cóng ‘follow’ atop 开/幵(􂟾) jiān/qiān ‘level/balanced’ (phonetic); cf. 形(􁡪) xíng ‘shape’, which has the same SW phonetic.
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Shuōwén explains 𠀤竝並並󰀂(􁱷) as being derived from 立 (lì) ‘big standing man’ doubled: 夶 ‘two men standing together’ on 一 ‘common ground’.
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Shuōwén explains 並(􁱷𠀤竝) as being derived from 立 (lì) ‘big standing man’ doubled: 夶 ‘two men standing together’ on 一 ‘common ground’.
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Thus, the two characters 并/並 formerly were regarded as distinct (they have separate entries in Shuōwén); Karlgren(1923) says they were cognate words but not identical.
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Today, works such as 《汉字正字手册》 say the two are to be regarded as a single character, uniformly written 并.
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Nowadays, works such as 《汉字正字手册》 say the two are to be regarded as a single character, uniformly written 并.
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When the two forms 并/並 are distinguished, the verb ‘combine’ is written with 并 or with its more complex variant 併(􁖷倂), while the adverb/conjunction ‘together’ is written with 並, as are most of the common compound words.
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When the two forms 并/並 are distinguished, the verb ‘combine’ is written with 并 or with its more complex variant 併 (or 倂), while the adverb/conjunction ‘together’ is written with 並, as are most of the common compound words.
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In HDC the character 并 bìng is used for verbal 併 ‘combine, merge, gather together’ (合并, 聚合) and verbal/adverbial 併/並 ‘merge/together’ (兼并, 并吞 ‘annex territory’); 并且 ‘adv./conj.’; 并 bìng is also used for 屏 píng as in 屏藩 ‘buffer’ (annexed territorial buffer); another old verbal reading is 并 bǐng (屏弃, 屏退, 抑制) ‘discard/abandon/retire/check’; the reading 并 bīng in the old place name “并州” derives from 《廣韻》 and 《集韻》.
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In 《汉语大词典》 the character 并 bìng is used for verbal 併 ‘combine, merge, gather together’ (合并, 聚合) and verbal/adverbial 併/並 ‘merge/together’ (兼并, 并吞 ‘annex (territory)’; 并且 ‘adv./conj.’) meanings; 并 bìng is also said to be used for 屏 píng as in 屏藩 ‘buffer’ (annexed territorial buffer); 并 bǐng (屏弃, 屏退, 抑制) ‘discard/abandon/retire/check’ is another old verbal reading; 并 bīng in an old place name “并州” derives from 《廣韻》 and 《集韻》.
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HDZ: 并 : cf. 幷
 
#rG.192.33,431.19 W.115b,60L K.AD741,742,GSR824b D.1.242.6 M.5292 B.034.1.02 WHY...165 E.1
 
#rG.192.33,431.19 W.115b,60L K.AD741,742,GSR824b D.1.242.6 M.5292 B.034.1.02 WHY...165 E.1
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#c丷开幵干
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#c丷开幵干
 
#y bing\ bing-
 
#y bing\ bing-
 
</WL>
 
</WL>

Revision as of 04:35, 23 November 2017

并 [bìng] (F​併) combine, merge; (F​並) and; equally; truly; (HDZ:) cf. ​幷 [bīng] 并​州 [bǐng] (HDC:) ​屏​弃, ​屏​退, ​抑​制 [bàn] (F​並) [bàng] (F​並) (HDC)

3 monosyllabic entries in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):

►¹bìng* To view this entry, please log in
►²bìng To view this entry, please log in
►Bīng To view this entry, please log in

5e76.png
Both forms 并 and ​並 are thought to derive from old graphs depicting two people standing side by side; by one explanation (referring to the oldest associated forms) 并 has ​从 ‘two people’, joined together by one or two horizontal lines (cf. ​卒).
    Note: The two characters 并/​並 formerly were regarded as distinct (they have separate entries in Shuōwén); Karlgren(1923) says they were cognate words but not identical.
    Shuōwén explains 并(​𢆙​幷) as combining ​从 cóng ‘follow’ atop ​开/​幵 jiān/qiān ‘level/balanced’ (phonetic); cf. ​形 xíng ‘shape’, which has the same SW phonetic.
    Shuōwén explains ​並(​𠀤​竝) as being derived from ​立 (lì) ‘big standing man’ doubled: ​夶 ‘two men standing together’ on ​一 ‘common ground’.
    Today, works such as 《​汉​字​正​字​手​册》 say the two are to be regarded as a single character, uniformly written 并.
    When the two forms 并/​並 are distinguished, the verb ‘combine’ is written with 并 or with its more complex variant ​併(​倂), while the adverb/conjunction ‘together’ is written with ​並, as are most of the common compound words.
    In HDC the character 并 bìng is used for verbal ​併 ‘combine, merge, gather together’ (​合并, ​聚​合) and verbal/adverbial ​併/​並 ‘merge/together’ (​兼并, 并​吞 ‘annex territory’); 并​且 ‘adv./conj.’; 并 bìng is also used for ​屏 píng as in ​屏​藩 ‘buffer’ (annexed territorial buffer); another old verbal reading is 并 bǐng (​屏​弃, ​屏​退, ​抑​制) ‘discard/abandon/retire/check’; the reading 并 bīng in the old place name “并​州” derives from 《​廣​韻》 and 《​集​韻》.
    HDZ: 并 : cf. ​幷
►references: Guǎngyùn:192.33,431.19; Wieger:115b,60L; Karlgren:AD741,742,GSR824b; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:1.242.6; Mathews:5292; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:034.1.02; Wáng(1993):165; EDOC:1
►components: ​丷​开​​幵​干
►Cantonese: bing\ bing-
►stroke 并 (... strokes)   
►list characters containing 并 as a component
►list words containing 并 (most common words first)
Unicode: U+5E76
►web links for ‘并’
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