Zi:教: Difference between revisions
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The character 教 jiāo/jiào ‘teach’ in the modern form seems to combine 孝 xiào ‘filial piety’ (phonosemantic), and 攵(攴 pū) ‘tap/prod/beat’; 孝 xiào ‘filial piety’ (respect for one's parents/elders) is taught by 攵(攴) pū ‘gentle prodding, pointing out details’ (according to the most enlightened teaching methods); but 孝 is not a traditional component of 教 (see below). | The character 教 jiāo/jiào ‘teach’ in the modern form seems to combine 孝 xiào ‘filial piety’ (phonosemantic), and 攵(攴 pū) ‘tap/prod/beat’; 孝 xiào ‘filial piety’ (respect for one's parents/elders) is taught by 攵(攴) pū ‘gentle prodding, pointing out details’ (according to the most enlightened teaching methods); but 孝 is not a traditional component of 教 (see below). | ||
The Shuōwén Seal form of 教(敎) jiào/jiāo ‘teach’ combines 攵(攴) pū ‘tap/prod’ (in divination, cf. 卜 bǔ), and 𡥈() jiào ‘imitate’ (phonosemantic); what the superior/teacher divines/exemplifies/imparts now, the subordinate/student realizes, puts into effect later; formerly wr. 𧧿() and 𤕝(); cf. 𡥈(), in which the top part is 爻() yáo ‘n-gram lines’ (䷜). | The Shuōwén Seal form of 教(敎) jiào/jiāo ‘teach’ combines 攵(攴) pū ‘tap/prod’ (in divination, cf. 卜 bǔ), and 𡥈() jiào ‘imitate’ (phonosemantic); what the superior/teacher divines/exemplifies/imparts now, the subordinate/student realizes, puts into effect later; formerly wr. 𧧿() and 𤕝(); cf. 𡥈(), in which the top part is 爻() yáo ‘n-gram lines’ (䷜). | ||
Compare: 学( | Compare: 学/學() xué ‘learn’, 觉/覺() jué ‘feel’, 效() xiào ‘effect’ (sometimes said to be cognate to 教). | ||
Compare: 孝() xiào ‘filial piety’ (care/respect for parents/elders). | Compare: 孝() xiào ‘filial piety’ (care/respect for parents/elders). | ||
Note: In most polysyllabic words, 教 jiào (fourth tone), but 教 jiāo (first tone) occurs in several common words, e.g.: 教書, 教課, 兼教; some compounds have both readings: 教授, 教學; perhaps the original distinction was jiào (nominal) vs. jiāo (verbal), though there is overlap today; two modern Chinese dictionaries explain the differences as jiào ‘teaching/education/religion; instruction/command’ vs. jiāo ‘impart/transmit knowledge/skills’ (HDZ, HDC). | Note: In most polysyllabic words, 教 jiào (fourth tone), but 教 jiāo (first tone) occurs in several common words, e.g.: 教書, 教課, 兼教; some compounds have both readings: 教授, 教學; perhaps the original distinction was jiào (nominal) vs. jiāo (verbal), though there is overlap today; two modern Chinese dictionaries explain the differences as jiào ‘teaching/education/religion; instruction/command’ vs. jiāo ‘impart/transmit knowledge/skills’ (HDZ, HDC). | ||
Revision as of 05:42, 19 February 2019
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