Difference between revisions of "Zi:量"

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<WL>量 [liàng] amount; 量词 classifier  [liáng] measure@@  [liǎng] (=緉)
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<WL>量 [liàng] quantity/amount; 重量 weight; 质量 quality, mass; 量词 classifier  [liáng] to weigh; to measure (length/size/etc); count/figure/reckon@@; (HDZ:) … [liǎng] (=緉)
 
#i4
 
#i4
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量 is composed of 日 (rì) ‘sun’ over 一 (yī) ‘one’ over 里 (lǐ) ‘half kilometer’. The distance to the 日 sun has been 量 measured: it is exactly 一 one 里 li away. This is astronomically and etymologically absurd, but it might help you remember the character.
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The components of 量 liáng ‘weigh/measure’ seem to be 旦 ‘dawn’ (a time), and 里 ‘kilometer’ (a measure), but the traditional components of 量 are more complicated.
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The true explanation is obscure. The bottom is from 重 zhòng ‘heavy’, which is a picture of a weighing machine. The top 日 might be an object being weighed, or a contraction of 良 liáng phonetic.
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The Shuōwén Seal form of 量(􁙷) liáng ‘weigh’ is said to combine 重(􁙶𡍴) zhòng ‘heavy’ (abbrev.), and 曏(􁈽) xiàng ‘not long ago’ (abbrev. phonosemantic); formerly also wr. 𨤦(􁙸).
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In dictionaries you will often see the character 量 used as an abbreviation for 量词 liàngcí measure word, or classifier, an important part of speech in Chinese (like 个, 枝, 匹, etc).
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Compare: 亮(􁝘) liàng ‘bright’, 良(􀺆𣌩) liáng ‘good’, 朗(􁊌朖) lǎng ‘bright’.
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Note: Formerly only 量 liáng ‘weigh’ (to measure an object's weight/heaviness), later also generalized ‘to measure’ (weight/length/size/temperature/depth/pressure/volume/quantity/etc).
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Older graphs associated with 量 seem to depict a balance/scale, with two pans joined by a beam centered on a fulcrum; the upper pan has a 日 ‘sun’ shape, and the lower a 土 ‘earth’ shape, and in the middle is a shape like 田 for the beam and fulcrum point.
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Compare: 重(􁙶𡍴) zhòng ‘heavy’; in the Seal form the upper part is not 日, but 人 ‘person’, which with the lower part 土 forms 𡔛(􁙰) ‘stand upright’, cf. 重.
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Note: Dictionaries sometimes use 量 as an abbrev. of 量词 liàngcí ‘measure word; classifier’ (indicating words such as 个, 枝, 匹).
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HDZ: 量 : liáng : 用尺、容器或其它作为标准的工具来测定事物的长短、轻重、多少或其它性质 (量体重, 用尺量布, 用斗量米, 量体温, 量血压) (称轻重; 度长短、大小、深浅等; 计多少、容积); 计算, 估量; 商酌; 思考, 考虑; (姓) • liàng : 测量物体多少的器物, (古) 多用陶或木材制作; 酌量, 酌情; 法度, 准则; 容纳的限度; 器度; 数量, 数目; (语法) (术语) (简称) 量词; 布满; 分限; (哲学) (ant. 质) (质量); (量词) ((单位) 计量墨; 緉 (liǎng); 兩)
 
#rG.172.07,424.47 W.75f K.AD544,GSR737a D.6.3683.2 M.3943 KX..1292.05 B.225.1.04 E.1
 
#rG.172.07,424.47 W.75f K.AD544,GSR737a D.6.3683.2 M.3943 KX..1292.05 B.225.1.04 E.1
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#c旦日一里
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#c旦里日一田土
 
#y leuhng\ leuhng-
 
#y leuhng\ leuhng-
 
</WL>
 
</WL>

Revision as of 23:31, 14 February 2018

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