Difference between revisions of "Zi:奔"

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<WL>奔 [bēn] run fast; flee  [bèn] go straight towards @@[fèn]
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<WL>奔 [bēn] run (奔跑), run fast (奔驰); flee (奔逃) [bèn] spare no effort; go towards@@; (HDZ:) …; (副词) 将近, 接近  [fèn] 賁: 败, 覆败
 
#i4
 
#i4
Written 大 over 十 over 廾; the top is NOT 本 běn (the resemblence is coincidental).
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The character 奔 (8 strokes) is an abbrev. of the old form 𢍃 (9 strokes), replacing the old upper component 夭 (4 strokes) with 大 (3 strokes), as in 走 (formerly wr. 𧺆).
A 大 person running through 卉 (huì) high grass.
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The Shuōwén Seal form of 奔(􁰧𢍃) bēn ‘run’ is said to combine 夭(􁰤𫯛) yāo ‘young’ (person leaning/rushing forward), and 卉(􀊩芔) huì (phonosemantic).
In some old bronze forms the bottom looks like three 止 (zhǐ) feet: a person running so fast that three feet are required for the two legs. Compare (zǒu) ‘walk’ which was the same but with only one 止 foot.
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Note: In 奔(􁰧𢍃) bēn ‘run’ the old top component 夭 functions as in 走(􀐏𧺆) zǒu ‘run/rush (headlong)’ (cf. 奔走); in the modern form the top of 奔 is wr. 大 instead of old 夭 ‘die young’ (avoiding bad connotations); 夭(􁰤𫯛) yāo is itself a modification 大(􁰋) dà ‘big’ (person with outstretched arms), with the head leaning forward (distracted); cf. 夨(􁰟) zè.
#rG.119.44,400.07 K.AD708,GSR438a D.1.533.1 L.174 M.5028 KX..252.03 B.075.0.06
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Note: In 奔(􁰧𢍃) bēn ‘run’, instead of 卉(􀊩芔) huì ‘vegetation’ (phonetic), the XX edition of SW emended that to 贲/賁(􁄛) bēn (abbrev. phonetic); XK had suggested that 卉 was not phonetic at all, but that it indicated running/jumping over vegetation (covering much ground); DYC accepted 卉 as phonetic, justifying it in terms of a loose relation between his OC rhyme categories 13 and 15; Karlgren had 奔/賁 as OC homophones, and also syn. ‘ardent, brave’ (cf. 賁 fèn ‘large drums’); old usage exists of 賁 for 奔 bēn ‘run’, said to be a borrowing (HDZ); but older inscriptional forms of 奔 have instead of 卉 a shape like 歮 below, i.e. 止 zhǐ ‘foot’ tripled/multiplied, indicative of (intensifying) foot action/speed; and so it seems that in 賁 the top component 卉 might have been 奔 (abbrev. phonetic); usage of 賁 for 奔 might be explained by that, and 貝 in 賁 suggests a motivation for running off (with the valuables); formerly also wr. 犇 (cattle stampede).
#c大卉十廾本
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Compare: 夲(􁱊) tāo ‘advance quickly’; 本(􀾀􀾁楍) běn ‘root’.
#y ban\</WL>
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Note: (诗) (清廟) 對越在天、駿奔走在廟 “In response to him in heaven, Grandly they hurried about in the temple.” (Legge) [ cf. 本奏=奔走 (DYC) ]
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Compare: 趋/趨(􀐐) qū ‘run/rush’, in which the component is 刍/芻(􀊔) chú ‘bundle of grass’.
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HDZ: 奔 : bēn : 快跑, 急/疾驰; 逃跑, 流亡; 追求, 追逐; (旧) 女子没有通过正当礼节而私去与男子结合 (妻: 聘; 妾: 奔); 崩落, 崩陷; (姓) • bèn : 竭尽全力 (从事某项活动); 走向, 投靠; (副词) 将近, 接近 • fèn : 賁: 败, 覆败
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#rG.119.44,400.07 K.AD708,GSR438a D.1.533.1 L.174 M.5028 KX..252.03 B.075.0.06 E.1
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#c大卉十廾本
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#y ban\
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</WL>

Latest revision as of 01:51, 9 August 2019

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