Difference between revisions of "Zi:乱"

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<WL>乱(F亂) [luàn] chaotic, disorderly, messy; 混乱 hùnluàn chaos
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<WL>乱(F亂) [luàn] 混乱 confused/chaotic, chaos/disorder; 乱七八糟 messy; 动乱 turmoil; 胡乱 carelessly/casually
 
#i2
 
#i2
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The original meaning was ‘unravel’:
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The simple-form character 乱 luàn ‘chaos’ is an old abbrev. of the full-form character 亂, replacing the left-side full-form component 𤔔 (12 strokes) with 舌 (6 strokes), as in 辞/辭.
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“爪又 two hands working with 幺 silk threads hung up on 冂 a stand” —Karlgren.
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Note: The simple form 乱 is an old popular (俗字) form of 亂, at least 1,000 years old (SBGY); use of 舌 for 𤔔 here is as in 辞/辭(􂥆); 乱 was formerly wr. 𠃹, in which the shape 口 corresp. to the two strokes 厶(􁣶) → 幺(􀪺) → 𤔔(􀫐); the variation in the various variant forms is chaotic (see below).
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乚 was added to represent one of the threads. The simplification of the left side to 舌 is at least a thousand years old (广韵). The meaning has drifted from ‘unravel’ to ‘disorder’. Although 乱 was not really derived from 舌 shé ‘tongue’, one might construe sticking one’s 舌 tongue out as a form of 乱 disorderly conduct.
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The Shuōwén Seal form of 乱/亂(􂤱) luàn ‘(good/bad) governance’ combines 乚(􂤮乙) representing the free/untangled (governed) end of a tangled string (cf. 𤔔), and 𤔔(􀫐) luàn ‘tangled/untangle (string/line/thread)’ (phonosemantic); formerly wr. 𤔔.
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Variants: 𤔔𤔐𤔬𠦸𠧎𠧏𤔦𠃶𠃹𢮣𤔒𠃿.
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Note: In received SW texts 乱/亂(􂤱) is glossed 治 zhì ‘(good) governance; (order)’, emended to “不治” ‘(bad) governance; (chaos)’ (DYC), in an attempt to explain how a word meaning ‘chaos’ should be glossed with a word meaning ‘order’ (cf. ䷾䷿); the opposite of 乱/亂 luàn ‘(bad) governance; (chaos)’ is 治 zhì ‘(good) governance; (peace)’, cf. 治(􁸎); SW sometimes gives antonymous glosses, cf. 参/參(􁊃𠻝) Shēn ‘Orion’, 熄(􁭬), 巳(􂥶), 巳/已(􂥷㠯), 祀(􀀪).
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#rW.90b K.AD582 D.1.53.17 M.4220 KX..84.15 B.051.1.07
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“[亂] unravel: 爪又 two hands working with 幺 silk threads hung up on 冂 a stand” —Karlgren(AD).
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Compare: 𤔔(􀫐𡄹𤕈), 𤔐(􀫑𠭟𤔬𠦸𠧎𠧏𤔦𢮣𤔒), 亂(􂤱𠃿𠃶乿𠃹釠).
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Compare: 𠭖(􀫗􀫙𢽤􀫘𣪏敢) gǎn ‘bold/resolute; dare’
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#rW.90b K.AD582 D.1.53.17 M.4220 KX..84.15 B.051.1.07 WHY...93 E.0
 
#c舌乚
 
#c舌乚
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#y lyuhn-</WL>
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#y lyuhn-
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</WL>

Latest revision as of 03:47, 9 June 2019

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