Difference between revisions of "Zi:士"
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| − | <WL>士 [shì] scholar; 博士 | + | <WL>士 [shì] scholar; 博士 PhD; 女士 lady, Ms.; 战士 soldier; (radical 33, 士部)@@; (HDZ:) (古) 未婚的青年男子; … |
#i3 | #i3 | ||
| − | The Shuōwén Seal form of 士() shì ‘(unwed adult male) doer/completer of deeds/duties’ (事) begins below with 一 yī ‘one’, and ends above with 十() shí ‘ten’ (phonosemantic), the number of completion (all ten fingers): an accomplished man of substance (cf. 壮). | + | The Shuōwén Seal form of 士() shì ‘(unwed adult male) doer/completer of deeds/duties’ (事) begins below with 一 yī ‘one’ (begin), and ends above with 十() shí ‘ten’ (phonosemantic), the number of completion (all ten fingers): an accomplished/complete man of substance (cf. 壮). |
Note: SW puns on 事() shì ‘official duties/rank’ in glossing 士 shì; these are homophones in OC reconstructions (GSR), or nearly so (Baxter); in MC they differed in tone (at least). | Note: SW puns on 事() shì ‘official duties/rank’ in glossing 士 shì; these are homophones in OC reconstructions (GSR), or nearly so (Baxter); in MC they differed in tone (at least). | ||
| − | + | “[士] Officer (military or civil); scholar, gentleman” —Karlgren(1923). | |
Compare: 大() dà big (man with arms extended wide), which as the lid of 壶/壺(𡔲) is wr. 士 in modern forms. | Compare: 大() dà big (man with arms extended wide), which as the lid of 壶/壺(𡔲) is wr. 士 in modern forms. | ||
Note: In 士 shì the upper horizontal line is longer than the lower. | Note: In 士 shì the upper horizontal line is longer than the lower. | ||
Compare: 土 tǔ ‘earth’ (the upper line is shorter than the lower). | Compare: 土 tǔ ‘earth’ (the upper line is shorter than the lower). | ||
Some modern scholars suggest that 士 was originally a phallic symbol (—Henshall). [cf. 在/才, 土] | Some modern scholars suggest that 士 was originally a phallic symbol (—Henshall). [cf. 在/才, 土] | ||
| − | Note: | + | Note: 武士 ‘samurai’ (Japanese). |
| − | HDZ: 士 : shì : (古) 未婚的青年男子; (古) 社会阶层, (先秦) 贵族的最低等级; (古) 四民之一, 农工商以外学道艺、习武勇的人 (士民, ant. 庶民); (古) 知识分子 (士林, 士流, 名士); (自称) | + | HDZ: 士 : shì : (古) 未婚的青年男子; (美称) 男子; (古) 社会阶层, (先秦) 贵族的最低等级; (古) 四民之一, 农工商以外学道艺、习武勇的人 (士民, ant. 庶民); (古) 知识分子 (士林, 士流, 名士); (自称) 诸侯的大夫对天子的自称; (美称) 对品德好、有学识或有技艺的人的美称 (志士, 勇士, 谋士, 医士); (古) 法官; (古) 军制, 在车上者 (甲士), 以区别于步卒; (今) (军衔名) 军衔的一级, 在尉下 (上士, 中士, 下士) (cf. 尉, 校); (SW: 事) 事: 职事; 仕: 做官; (姓) |
HDC: 士民 : (古) 四民之一, 士大夫阶层和普通读书人; 士大夫和普通百姓; 人民、百姓; 军民 | HDC: 士民 : (古) 四民之一, 士大夫阶层和普通读书人; 士大夫和普通百姓; 人民、百姓; 军民 | ||
#rG.253.18 W.24c H.494 K.AD877,GSR970a D.1.416.1 M.5776 KX..242.38 B.002.0.09 WHY...6 E.1 | #rG.253.18 W.24c H.494 K.AD877,GSR970a D.1.416.1 M.5776 KX..242.38 B.002.0.09 WHY...6 E.1 | ||
| − | # | + | #c十一 |
#y sih- | #y sih- | ||
</WL> | </WL> | ||
Latest revision as of 01:50, 9 August 2019
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