Difference between revisions of "Zi:幸"

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<WL>幸 [xìng] good fortune, luck; 幸福 xìngfú happy@@ (=􁰦𡴘)  [niè] (=􁰼㚔)(!􀨁羍𦍒)
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<WL>幸 [xìng] good fortune/luck; 幸福 happiness/happy@@; (HDZ:) 意外地得到好处或免去灾害; 幸亏, 多亏; …; (姓)  [niè] (=)
 
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There were two characters, 􁰦𡴘幸 xìng ‘luck’ and 􁰼㚔幸 niè ‘criminal’; the latter is obsolete.
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The character 幸 conflates two old forms: ⑴ 幸(􁰦𡴘) xìng ‘luck’ (the common modern usage); ⑵ 幸(􁰼㚔) niè ‘penalties/punishments’ (an old character/component, now with the same modern form, cf. 㚔).
Karlgren(GSR0696b,0810a) wrote that niè ‘criminal’ depicted manacles; (“Ancient handcuffs” says 王宏源).
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Note: Formerly distinguished as ⑴ 幸(􁰦𡴘) xìng (⿱夭屰), vs. ⑵ 幸(􁰼㚔) niè (⿱大𢆉), cf. 㚔.
Cp. 􁰾執() zhí ‘capture (a criminal)’, 􁱁報() bào ‘report (a crime), in which 􁰼㚔幸 ‘criminal’.
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The Shuōwén Seal form of (􁰦𡴘) xìng ‘luck’ combines 夭(􁰤) yāo ‘fated/lucky person’ (leaping/skipping-over/avoiding), and 屰(􀗿) nì ‘harm’ (contrary circumstances); cf. 婞(􂋻𡟡), 緈(􂐥𦃉).
Not to be confused with 􂤿辛 xīn ‘suffering’; cf. also 􀨁羍𦍒 tà ‘small lamb’ (phonetic in 達S达).
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Note: The component 夭(􁰤) functions here as in 走(􀐏𧺆) zǒu ‘run/rush (headlong)’ (奔走); and 屰(􀗿) here is as in 逆(􀒰) nì ‘go against, oppose/contrary’ (go against the flow).
#rG.317.31 W.102d,102g K.AD158,664,GSR696b,810a WHY...168 D.1.434.8 M.2764 KX..341.01 B.069.1.04
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Compare: 幸福 xìngfú ‘happiness/happy’, 不幸 bùxìng ‘unfortunately’, 幸亏 xìngkuī ‘fortunately’.
#c土𢆉干
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Compare: 婞(􂋻𡟡) xìng ‘obstinate; partial/dote’.
#y hahng-</WL>
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HDZ: 幸 : xìng : 意外地得到好处或免去灾害; 幸亏, 多亏; 幸福, 幸运; 喜悦, 高兴; 爱好, 喜好; 偏爱, 宠爱; 亲爱者, 受宠的人; 哀怜, 同情; (旧) 皇帝亲临, 皇族亲临; 遇; 期望, 希冀; 敬辞/词; 活, 使…活命; (副词) (时间, 正; 本); () • niè : 㚔
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#rG.317.31 W.102d,102g K.AD158,664,GSR696b,810a WHY...168 D.1.434.8 M.2764 KX..341.01 B.069.1.04 E.1
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#c土𢆉丷干八
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#y hahng-
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</WL>

Latest revision as of 04:06, 9 June 2019

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