Zi:字: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 00:17, 20 June 2018

字 [zì] written character (graph/sign); 汉字 Chinese character (名字 míngzi ‘name’); (HDZ:) 生育, 孵化; 怀孕; 爱; 抚育, …; (姓)

One monosyllabic entry in The ABC Chinese-English Comprehensive Dictionary (namespace Ci):

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The character 字 zǐ ‘written character’ is said to represent a 宀 family schoolhouse, where 子 zǐ ‘children’ are nurtured/educated, and learn to read/write their names and other characters.
    The Shuōwén Seal form of 字 zǐ ‘nurture/educate’ puts a 宀 mián ‘roof’ over a 子 zǐ ‘child’ (phonosemantic); when the grown child/son emerges from his home/family/schooling into public life, he is addressed by his public/courtesy name (表字); such names when written were the first phonetic compound characters.
    Note: The old distinction between 文 wén ‘pictograph’ and 字 zì ‘phonetic compound character’ is lost in the modern word 文字 wénzi ‘characters’.
    Compare: 孜 zī ‘hard-working’; 仔 zǐ ‘responsible’; 孝 xiào ‘filial piety’; 季 jì ‘young; season’.
    Compare: 教(敎) jiāo/jiào ‘teach’; 𡥈 jiào ‘imitate’; 学/學 ‘study/learn’ (old graphs associated with 学 may have 字 as the lower component).
    “To bear and nurse; to have 子 children in one’s 宀 house; 会意。By extension, the compound characters (by opposition to the simple 文 figures), “begotten” by the process of composition 会意 and 谐声... The 文 made by their authors gave birth to the 字, says the Glose” —Wieger. [Thus, 字 with 子 (phonosemantic) is the prototypical phonetic compound character.]
    “To breed, nourish, bring up, treat with fatherly love, cherish; (a ‘brought up’ person:) name or ‘style’ taken at 20 years; name, appellation; word; written character, letter” —Karlgren(AD).
    HDZ: 字 : zì : 生育 (cf. 孳), 孵化; 怀孕; 爱; 抚育, 养育; 治理, 教育; 人的表字 (且字; cf. 甫); 许嫁, 出嫁; 文字 (文: 象形; 字: 形声, 亦声); 字体 (篆字, 草字, 颜子, 俗字, 讹字); 书法, 书法作品; 字音 (字正腔圆); 字据、便条等文字材料; 作为凭据的签名或书写记号; (古) 药方中称量单位名 (一钱的四分之一叫一字); 学识; 饰; (姓)
►references: Guǎngyùn:357.13; Wieger:94a; Henshall:28; Karlgren:AD1089,GSR964n; Hànyǔ Dà Zìdiǎn:2.1010.2; Mathews:6942; Kāngxī Zìdiǎn:277.18; Bǐshùn Guīfàn:035.1.07; EDOC:1
►components: 子宀
►Cantonese: jih-
►stroke 字 (... strokes)
►list characters containing 字 as a component
►list words containing 字 (most common words first)
Unicode: U+5B57
►web links for ‘字’
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The Wenlin Zidian (namespace Zi)
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-<WL>字 [zì] written character (graph/sign); 汉字 Chinese character; 名字 name@@; (HDZ:) 生育, 孵化; 怀孕; 爱; 抚育, …; (姓)
+<WL>字 [zì] written character (graph/sign); 汉字 Chinese character (名字 míngzi ‘name’)@@; (HDZ:) 生育, 孵化; 怀孕; 爱; 抚育, …; (姓)
 #i2
-The character 字 zǐ ‘written character’ represents a 宀 family schoolhouse, where 子 zǐ ‘children’ learn to read and write.
+The character 字 zǐ ‘written character’ is said to represent a 宀 family schoolhouse, where 子 zǐ ‘children’ are nurtured/educated, and learn to read/write their names and other characters.
-	The Shuōwén Seal form of 字(􂥒) zǐ ‘written character’ (formerly ‘nurture/educate’) puts a 宀(􁎝) mián ‘roof’ over a 子(􂥍) zǐ ‘child’ (phonosemantic); when the grown child/son emerges from his home/family/schooling into public life, he is addressed by his public/courtesy name (表字); such names when written were the first phonetic compound characters; children work hard to learn to write their name and other characters.
+	The Shuōwén Seal form of 字(􂥒) zǐ ‘nurture/educate’ puts a 宀(􁎝) mián ‘roof’ over a 子(􂥍) zǐ ‘child’ (phonosemantic); when the grown child/son emerges from his home/family/schooling into public life, he is addressed by his public/courtesy name (表字); such names when written were the first phonetic compound characters.
-	“To bear and nurse; to have 子 children in one’s 宀 house; 会意。By extension, the compound characters (by opposition to the simple 文 figures), BEGOTTEN by the process of composition 会意 and 谐声... The 文 made by their authors gave birth to the 字, says the Glose” —Wieger. (So, 字 with 子 phonosemantic is the prototypical phonetic compound character.)
+	Note: The old distinction between 文(􁡵) wén ‘pictograph’ and 字(􂥒) zì ‘phonetic compound character’ is lost in the modern word 文字 wénzi ‘characters’.
-	“To breed, nourish, bring up, treat with fatherly love, cherish; (a ‘brought up’ person:) name or ‘style’ taken at 20 years; name, appellation; word; written character, letter” —Karlgren.
-	Note: The old distinction between 文(􁡵) wén ‘pictographic’ and 字(􂥒) zì ‘phonetic compound’ characters is lost in the modern word 文字 wénzi ‘characters’.
 	Compare: 孜(􀢞) zī ‘hard-working’; 仔(􁗸) zǐ ‘responsible’; 孝(􁜎) xiào ‘filial piety’; 季(􂥖) jì ‘young; season’.
 	Compare: 教(􀣞敎) jiāo/jiào ‘teach’; 𡥈(􂥞) jiào ‘imitate’; 学/學(􀣢) ‘study/learn’ (old graphs associated with 学 may have 字 as the lower component).
+	“To bear and nurse; to have 子 children in one’s 宀 house; 会意。By extension, the compound characters (by opposition to the simple 文 figures), “begotten” by the process of composition 会意 and 谐声... The 文 made by their authors gave birth to the 字, says the Glose” —Wieger. [Thus, 字 with 子 (phonosemantic) is the prototypical phonetic compound character.]
+	“To breed, nourish, bring up, treat with fatherly love, cherish; (a ‘brought up’ person:) name or ‘style’ taken at 20 years; name, appellation; word; written character, letter” —Karlgren(AD).
 	HDZ: 字 : zì : 生育 (cf. 孳), 孵化; 怀孕; 爱; 抚育, 养育; 治理, 教育; 人的表字 (且字; cf. 甫); 许嫁, 出嫁; 文字 (文: 象形; 字: 形声, 亦声); 字体 (篆字, 草字, 颜子, 俗字, 讹字); 书法, 书法作品; 字音 (字正腔圆); 字据、便条等文字材料; 作为凭据的签名或书写记号; (古) 药方中称量单位名 (一钱的四分之一叫一字); 学识; 饰; (姓)
 #rG.357.13 W.94a H.28 K.AD1089,GSR964n D.2.1010.2 M.6942 KX..277.18 B.035.1.07 E.1